Altered reactivity to measles virus. Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines

Human metapneumovirus: Enhanced pulmonary disease in cotton rats immunized with formalin-inactivated virus vaccine and challenged

“…Vaccine-enhanced disease has been seen in the human with two members of the Paramyxoviridae family, measles and hRSV [7,11]. Similar enhancement has been shown experimentally in cotton rats with hRSV [20,22], measles [18], parainfluenza 3 [16], and now hMPV.…”

Antibody Response to Structural Proteins of Measles Virus in Patients With Natural Measles and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

“…Atypical measles has developed in children immunized by the vaccination program of combined killed and live measles vaccines. Although the pathogenesis is not fully understood, atypical measles is assumed to be caused by natural measles virus infection in children previously sensitized with killed measles vaccine and can be considered an unusual form of hyperimmunization (Fulginiti et al, 1967).…”

Measles Virus Infection: Mechanisms of Immune Suppression

“…Vaccination protects 90% of recipients against disease, but after exposure to natural www.intechopen.com measles, some vaccinees develop enhanced antibody response associated with mild symptoms and may have rash with little or no fever (Chen et al, 1990;Smith et al, 1982;Whittle et al, 1999). Atypical measles has been reported in children who received formalin inactivated (killed) measles vaccine that was in use in the USA from 1963 to 1968 (Fulginiti et al, 1967). These children developed high fever, a rash that was most prominent on the extremities, often included petechiae and a high rate of pneumonitis (Fulginiti et al, 1967;Rauh & Schmidt, 1965).…”

“…Atypical measles has been reported in children who received formalin inactivated (killed) measles vaccine that was in use in the USA from 1963 to 1968 (Fulginiti et al, 1967). These children developed high fever, a rash that was most prominent on the extremities, often included petechiae and a high rate of pneumonitis (Fulginiti et al, 1967;Rauh & Schmidt, 1965). Recent studies in monkeys indicate that this illness was caused by antigen-antibody immune complexes resulting from incomplete maturation of the antibody response to the vaccine (Polack et al, 1999).…”