“…In its most basic sense, a portfolio is a meaningful collection of student effort, progress, and achievement, with purposeful selection of material and deliberative student self-reflection (Lyons, 1998; Paulson, Paulson, & Meyer, 1991). There are four general portfolio categories (Robinson, 1995): (a) presentation/product portfolios that include student work of the highest quality, (b) product/performance portfolios that allow for comparison of the same samples of work across students, (c) program portfolios that function as a form of program evaluation by presenting exemplars of student work within a particular program, and (d) process portfolios that provide a collection of student products gathered at various stages of development. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the portfolio as a means for teacher evaluation and professional development (e.g., Berrill & Addison, 2010; Learning Point, 2010; Tennessee Department of Education, 2012), as a graduation requirement (e.g., Lynch & Purnawarman, 2004), as well as teacher certification (Parkes & Powell, 2015) in general education, and in music education specifically.…”