Alternative Maritime Power application as a green port strategy: Barriers in China

Chen, Jihong; Zheng, Tianxiao; Garg, Akhil Ranjan; Xu, Liang; Li, Sifan; Fei, Yijie

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.177

Cited by 109 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since the state urged the construction of ecotypic ports, changing the spatial distance between ports and cities has become an important measure for many coastal cities to develop ecotypic ports for sustainable development. For example, the Huangpu River Port of Shanghai Port has been largely relocated to Waigaoqiao Port Area and Yangshan Deep-water Port Area; the up-scaling transportation in the north main port area of Tianjin Port has seriously disrupted the green and livable urban construction of Binhai New Area, which leads to the current planning of adjustment and relocation of the port area; Xiamen Dongdu Port Area has transformed some multi-purpose terminals to cruise berths and is planning to move the freight function to out of the island; Ningbo Beilun Port also intends to gradually transfer bulks transshipment operations to Chuanshan Port Area and Majishan Port Area, which are farther away from the city [1,3,6]. Some scholars have tried to evaluate the impact of port-city separation in recent years, but most of them ended up with qualitative descriptions, lacking quantitative research on the changes of factors such as resource consumption, environmental protection, and integrated transport costs that arise from port-city separation.…”

Section: Under-researched Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With international trade transactions growing, ports, as key hubs for land-water transportation, play an important role in a city's economic development. However, the rapid development of ports has also put port cities under a series of ecological challenges such as disordered resources and environmental pollution caused by excessive development [1][2][3]. A port city is a highly populated area, while the ecological environment is what human beings rely on to live by.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Driving Mechanism of Port-City Spatial Relation Evolution from an Ecological Perspective: Case Study of Xiamen Port of China

Shi

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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With the economic globalization continuing to advance, coastal port cities have enjoyed increasingly prominent status and roles as the link between the sea and the land and an important window of foreign trade and exchanges. However, port cities, while embracing rapid development, have also produced a significant impact on natural resources and the ecological environment. Ecological environment protection has become a must-consider factor for sustainable development of port cities. To secure coordinated and sustainable development of ports and cities, this paper utilizes the system dynamics theory and approaches the subject from driver analysis. In the traditional port-city collaboration system model, indicators of ecological perspectives such as land resources and environmental protection are introduced to build a dynamic model for the spatial evolution system of port-city coupling system based on ecological protection, and the dynamic mechanism of port-city spatial relation evolution is analyzed in depth with a case study of Dongdu Port Area of Xiamen Port. The model’s simulation results show that from an ecological perspective, the spatial distance between the port and the city is critical to their sustainable and coordinated development. Only after the port-city spatial distance increases moderately can the development efficiency of the port-city system welcomes a relatively significant increase. Managing the port-city distance well has a significant driving effect on capacity enhancement of the port and economic development of the city. This provides a theoretical reference for further studies on port-city coordinated and sustainable development and provides constructive suggestions for the government to make relevant decisions.

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Section: Under-researched Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Mechanism of Port-City Spatial Relation Evolution from an Ecological Perspective: Case Study of Xiamen Port of China

Shi

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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“…Additionally, for the ships with SP capability, port authorities will need to invest further to improve SP standards and regulation. Chen et al [22] examined the interaction mechanism of the demonstration and promotion of SP in China using the fuzzy DEMATEL model. The model highlighted three factors that affect the SP as policies, support systems, and SP construction standards.…”

Section: A Green Portsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research paper differs from the other researches because it focuses on both the government subsidy of the shipper and the information asymmetry and equilibrium solution. Additionally, the paper considers the SP reliability preference of the shipper, which significantly impact port and shipping line decisions [20], [22]. This research attempts to complement and expand the existing literature on sustainability investment and government subsidy in ports and shipping lines.…”

Section: Application Of Game Theory and Sd In Portsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using System Dynamics and Game Model to Estimate Optimal Subsidy in Shore Power Technology

Kuang

2020

IEEE Access

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To cope with severe environmental problems, the government has implemented strict emission control policies, and promoted the use of technology such as shore power (SP) in the form of subsidies. The SP providers of the shipping lines like the ports provide better SP services to shipping lines by improving its reliability, such as safety and standardization. This paper examines a two-echelon maritime supply chain consisting of a port and a shipping line under government green subsidy and explores the subsidy mechanism and its impact. The optimal government subsidy intensity and subsidy reduction point are confirmed using game theory. The system dynamics (SD) method is used to analyze the influence and evolution of practical problems such as government subsidy efficiency, information asymmetry, and inconsistent decision-making periods under multiple games utilizing the optimal response function. The paper shows that both shipper SP preference and decision period affect the SP reliability. When the shipper's preference is high, the actual shipper's subsidies and government subsidies are inefficient. Information asymmetry borne by ports and shipping line causes considerable fluctuations in the game and does not affect the actual subsidies received by shippers. Also, shipping line downstream of the supply chain are more affected by it. This paper offers insight for the government to formulate subsidy policies in the maritime supply chain.

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“…In terms of trade value, of course, the shipping share is around 60 to 70 per cent of trade' (UNCTAD, 2018;Qi and Ji, 2020). However, maritime transport has always faced environmental pollution, transportation efficiency, navigation safety and other issues (Chen et al, 2019a(Chen et al, , 2019b. In order to solve or relieve the negative consequences of these issues, researchers and engineers have been continuously developing new techniques and methods for years (Bell and Meng, 2016;Hua et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cellular automaton-based model of ship traffic flow in busy waterways

Balling

et al. 2021

J. Navigation

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In busy waterways, spatial-temporal discretisation, safe distance and collision avoidance timing are three of the core components of ship traffic flow modelling based on cellular automata. However, these components are difficult to determine in ship traffic simulations because the size, operation and manoeuvrability vary between ships. To solve these problems, a novel traffic flow model is proposed. Firstly, a spatial-temporal discretisation method based on the concept of a standard ship is presented. Secondly, the update rules for ships’ motion are built by considering safe distance and collision avoidance timing, in which ship operation and manoeuvrability are thoroughly considered. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, which is implemented through simulating ship traffic flow in a waterway of the Yangtze River, China. By comparing the results with actual observed ship traffic data, our model shows that the behaviours and the characteristics of ships’ motions can be represented very well, which also can be further used to reveal the mechanism that affects the efficiency and safety of ship traffic.

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Alternative Maritime Power application as a green port strategy: Barriers in China

Cited by 109 publications

References 30 publications

Driving Mechanism of Port-City Spatial Relation Evolution from an Ecological Perspective: Case Study of Xiamen Port of China

Driving Mechanism of Port-City Spatial Relation Evolution from an Ecological Perspective: Case Study of Xiamen Port of China

Using System Dynamics and Game Model to Estimate Optimal Subsidy in Shore Power Technology

A cellular automaton-based model of ship traffic flow in busy waterways

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