Alternative Models for Calculation of Static Overturning Angle and Lateral Stability Analysis of Subcompact and Universal Tractors

Majdan, Radoslav; Abrahám, Rudolf; Kollárová, Katarína; Tkáč, Zdenko; Matějková, Eva; Kubík, Ľubomír

doi:10.3390/agriculture11090861

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…which stay above the ground during their operation (meaning that their weight is completely supported by the tractor; Table 1; Figs. [13][14][15].…”

Section: Test Scenarios Viable With This Test Installationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Having the possibility of carrying out more comprehensive full-scale tests in a controlled (hence: safe) environment makes it possible to increase the knowledge about a vehicle in all its aspects [10], e.g. to precisely locate its Centre of Gravity (CoG) [11]- [13] and improve the physical-mathematical models underlying the static and dynamic behaviour of the vehicle even in the presence of elastic elements (such as: tyres and suspensions) and mobile subsystems (e.g. the front axle connected to the chassis with a pivot joint).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Facility For Statically Testing The Stability Of Vehicles: Technical Features And Possibilities

Bietresato¹,

Mazzetto²

2022

Int. J. TDI

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The stability of a vehicle (especially if operating off-road, such as a farm tractor, possibly with an implement attached) can be statically investigated by means of a test installation such as the one described here. It consists of a platform (dimensions: 6.42 × 4.46 m) having two degrees of freedom (inclination, rotation) and on which the vehicle is positioned motionless. By acting on these degrees of freedom, it is possible to precisely and simultaneously control all the characteristic angles of a vehicle (roll, pitch, yaw), thus discovering, in complete safety, its operational limits (i.e. its incipient rollover conditions). Furthermore, the ability to misalign up to two of the four quadrants composing the platform allows the testing of further critical situations for the vehicle, in which the front-axle pivot joint and the tyres elasticity are involved, potentially up to a scenario in which the vehicle rests on only three of its four supports and its support polygon degenerates into a triangle. The basic test scenarios that can be investigated with this installation allow the study of many aspects of a vehicle, pertaining both to the general chassis performance of the vehicle (therefore related to its balance) and to the load state of some specific components (internal or interfacing the vehicle with the outside, e.g. the wheels). The obtained data, referred to reference test scenarios, allow the experimenters to: (1) interpret sensors readings in real operating situations, thus including also the contribution of the tyres vertical flattening and lateral deflection, (2) complete the safety documentation at the users' disposal with some specific graphs, the vehicle 'equilibrium maps' (or 'stability charts'), possibly referred also to the vehicle with some accessories/implements connected to it. By demonstrating the undeniable usefulness of such an installation, the authors hope to propose new testing paradigms with the ultimate aim of increasing the overall safety of vehicles and, particularly, of agricultural and work machinery.

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“…which stay above the ground during their operation (meaning that their weight is completely supported by the tractor; Table 1; Figs. [13][14][15].…”

Section: Test Scenarios Viable With This Test Installationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Facility For Statically Testing The Stability Of Vehicles: Technical Features And Possibilities

Bietresato¹,

Mazzetto²

2022

Int. J. TDI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, considering the driving and operating environment of such vehicles, the demands for research on rollover in the agricultural tractor are soaring [22,23]. Thus, studies for proving the working boundary [24], evaluating stability behavior [25], and static or dynamic analysis using computational analysis methods have been performed so far [26,27]. Despite extensive research on tractor rollovers, tractor rollover accidents still account for a considerable proportion of agricultural machinery accidents [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Safety through Optimal Placement of Components in Hydrogen Tractor: Rollover Angle Analysis

Son,

Kim,

Kang

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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Hydrogen tractors are being developed, necessitating consideration of the variation in the center of gravity depending on the arrangement of components such as power packs and cooling modules that replace traditional engines. This study analyzes the effects of component arrangement on stability and rollover angle in hydrogen tractors through simulations and proposes an optimal configuration. Stability is evaluated by analyzing rollover angles in various directions with rotations around the tractor’s midpoint. Based on the analysis of rollover angles for Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 hydrogen tractors, Type 2 demonstrates superior stability compared to the other types. Specifically, when comparing lateral rollover angles at 0° rotation, Type 2 exhibits a 2% increase over Type 3. Upon rotations at 90° and 180°, Type 2 consistently displays the highest rollover angles, with differences ranging from approximately 6% to 12% compared to the other types. These results indicate that Type 2, with its specific component arrangement, offers the most stable configuration among the three types of tractors. It is confirmed that the rollover angle changes based on component arrangement, with a lower center of gravity resulting in greater stability. These findings serve as a crucial foundation for enhancing stability in the future design and manufacturing phases of hydrogen tractors.

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Assessment of the Stability of Bev Lhd Loader

Bołoz

Kozłowski

Horak

2022

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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The article concerns the computational model for analysing the stability of the BEV LHD loader. Works were carried out to develop an innovative, light battery-powered loader, which was the subject of an R&D project implemented in cooperation with Bumech S. A. Compared to the existing solutions of loaders with similar load capacity, this one is distinguished by the use of an individual electric drive in each wheel and a replaceable battery. A physical and mathematical model was developed taking into account the specificity of the BEV LHD loader. In the model, the masses of the battery, individual drives, the platform and excavated material are taken into account separately. The developed model allows determining the loader wheel pressure on the floor, depending on the location of its components’ centres of gravity, the turning angle of the machine, the amount of excavated material in the bucket and the position of the bucket. The input parameters also include the longitudinal and transverse excavation slope angles. In addition, the model enables determining the inner and outer turning radius of the loader. To verify the theoretical model, dynamic simulation tests were carried out. The results of simulation analyses confirmed the correctness of the developed theoretical model. The model was used to prepare a calculation sheet for analysing the stability on the basis of the adopted parameters. In the article, selected results of the conducted stability analyses have been presented, along with the proposed parameters ensuring the loader’s stability. The developed theoretical model enables a quick assessment of the loader’s stability, which, due to a number of innovative solutions, differs from existing designs. The structure of the loader at the design stage is subject to numerous modifications, which affect the distribution of the centres of gravity of individual components. The developed model of the loader is a useful, parameterized tool that allows assessing the stability and the values of the turning radii of the machine.

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Alternative Models for Calculation of Static Overturning Angle and Lateral Stability Analysis of Subcompact and Universal Tractors

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

A Novel Facility For Statically Testing The Stability Of Vehicles: Technical Features And Possibilities

A Novel Facility For Statically Testing The Stability Of Vehicles: Technical Features And Possibilities

Enhancing Safety through Optimal Placement of Components in Hydrogen Tractor: Rollover Angle Analysis

Assessment of the Stability of Bev Lhd Loader

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