Alternative of Biogas Injection into the Danish Gas Grid System—A Study from Demand Perspective

Aryal, Nabin; Kvist, Torben

doi:10.3390/chemengineering2030043

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Biogas is produced by microorganisms from organic raw materials during the methane fermentation process. Its main components are methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as well as small amounts of nitrogen (N 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S), water vapour (H 2 O), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), ammonia (NH 3 ), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and siloxanes [1,2]. For biogas production, different substrates such as organic waste from agricultural, industrial, or food sources, the biodegradable fraction of municipal wastes are used [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Using Biogas to Supply the Dual Fuel Diesel Engine of an Agricultural Tractor

et al. 2019

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It is known that biogas without prior purification to biomethane is a commonly used fuel only for the stationary internal combustion engines but not for vehicle engines. The current study evaluates the use of biogas without its prior upgrading to biomethane as fuel for tractor engines. The following tests were carried out: biochemical methane potential tests, dynamometer engine tests, and field tests with the use of a tractor. The average methane content in biogas obtained from vegetable wastes exceeded 60%. The tests performed on the engine dynamometer showed that the engine powered by dual fuel worked stably when diesel was replaced by 40% biogas (containing 50% of CO2) or 30% methane. Dual fuel supplying of the engine caused an increase in the concentration of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases and a decrease or no effect in the concentration of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. It did not significantly affect the dynamics of the vehicle and its useful properties. Biogas that contains a maximum of 50% CO2 and from which H2S, moisture, and siloxanes have been largely removed, is suitable as a fuel for tractors. Such biogas can be obtained in biogas plants from different substrates, e.g., vegetable or agriculture wastes as well as biodegradable municipal wastes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Using Biogas to Supply the Dual Fuel Diesel Engine of an Agricultural Tractor

et al. 2019

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“…The digester is simply an air-tight tank where micro-organisms are aided by physical, biological or chemical catalysts (heat, enzymes and/or solvents) for the decomposition of organic matter. The effluent gas is biogas which is made up of 60-70% methane, 30-40% carbon dioxide and trace elements of other gases (H 2 S) with total calorific value of up to 28.03-38.92 MJ/Nm 3 [2,20,30]. The biogas with its high methane content can be recovered for heat and electricity production using boilers, turbines and generators or alternatively upgraded for use as bio-methane.…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biogas with its high methane content can be recovered for heat and electricity production using boilers, turbines and generators or alternatively upgraded for use as bio-methane. Studies by Aryal and Kvist [30], revealed the potential of upgrading biogas to 97.55% methane by the use of water scrubbers. This increases the calorific value of the biogas from 28.03 to 51.31 MJ/Nm 3 .…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

et al. 2018

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The increasing volume of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment facilities is becoming a prominent concern globally. The disposal of this sludge is particularly challenging and poses severe environmental hazards due to the high content of organic, toxic and heavy metal pollutants among its constituents. This study presents a simple review of four sewage to energy recovery routes (anaerobic digestion, combustion, pyrolysis and gasification) with emphasis on recent developments in research, as well as benefits and limitations of the technology for ensuring cost and environmentally viable sewage to energy pathway. This study focusses on the review of various commercially viable sludge conversion processes and technologies used for energy recovery from sewage sludge. This was done via in-depth process descriptions gathered from literatures and simplified schematic depiction of such energy recovery processes when utilised for sludge. Specifically, the impact of fuel properties and its effect on the recovery process were discussed to indicate the current challenges and recent scientific research undertaken to resolve these challenges and improve the operational, environmental and cost competitiveness of these technologies.

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“…Denmark is very experienced in the use of commercial biogas facilities and has been promoting technologies for treating co-digested manure, clean organic industrial wastes and source-separated municipal solid waste (MSW) for decades. Denmark uses "Green Pricing", a policy tool that provides incentives for manufacturers that use biogas to generate electricity, to promote the use of biogas [98]. The Czech Republic has a subsidy system to support the construction of agricultural biogas plants that process purpose-grown crops [99].…”

Section: Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Commercial Biogas Systems and Lessons for Africa

2018

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Many African countries have vast biomass resources that could serve as feedstock for methane production through the adoption of commercial biogas plants. However, due to many inhibiting factors, these resources are under-utilised. This article reviews commercial biogas systems that treat organic waste from municipalities, large livestock farms, large plantations/crop farms, food/beverage production facilities, and other industries, to identify essential lessons which African countries could use to develop/disseminate such biogas systems. The review identified the critical barriers to commercial biogas development to be high initial capital costs, weak environmental policies, poor institutional framework, poor infrastructure and a general lack of willpower to implement renewable energy policies and set challenging targets. In African countries where feed-in-tariffs, quota obligations and competitive bidding programmes have been instituted, implementation has been poor, and most state-owned utilities have been unsupportive. Using knowledge from more experienced countries such as Germany and China, some key lessons have were identified. Among the key lessons is the need to institute and enforce environmental management policies to ensure that waste from medium and large livestock farms and industries are not disposed of indiscriminately, a tool China has recently used to promote commercial biogas plants to a high degree of success.

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Alternative of Biogas Injection into the Danish Gas Grid System—A Study from Demand Perspective

Cited by 44 publications

References 26 publications

Evaluation of Using Biogas to Supply the Dual Fuel Diesel Engine of an Agricultural Tractor

Evaluation of Using Biogas to Supply the Dual Fuel Diesel Engine of an Agricultural Tractor

A Review of Sludge-to-Energy Recovery Methods

A Review of Commercial Biogas Systems and Lessons for Africa

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