Alternative Turning Response of Armadillidium vulgare

Watanabe, Munetaka; Iwata, Katsumi

doi:10.2502/janip1944.6.75

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The strength of I,< wich the 1-cm. square maze was abouc the same as that found by Watanabe and Iwata (1956) when Ar?nadillzdium vulgare specimens were required to make one turn before the choice point, and they reported that the left nlrns increased from 88% to 100% following two prior right turns. Their maze utilized walled alleys.…”

Section: Results a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“Reactive Inhibition” in the Sowbug

1965

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Four groups of twenty isopods (Porcellio scober L.) were given 4 0 right turns and four groups were given 2 0 right turns in square mazes 1, 1.5, 2.5, and 4 cm. on a sidc. Another four groups were run equivalent distances without turns, and one group was given no treatment at all. Ss from all groups then received one trial in a T-maze. Left curns in the T-maze increased as a function of number of prior turns and decreased with distance (time) between turns. These results wet? obtained in a situation where "centrifugal swing" and "forward-going tendency" hypotheses provide no useful predictions. In comparing these results and procedures with those of other investigations, it is apparent that is rypically a weak determiner of choice-point behavior in isopods, but under special circumstances can be the principal source of variance.When an animal runs a short distance down an alley of a maze, curns to the right, then approaches a T. the probability of a left nirn is generally higher than for a right rurn. At least three differenc hypotheses concerning chis behavior have been presented. Schneirla (1929) argued thac the animal would swing out against the farther wall after the nlrn, and as long as the "centrifugal swing" acted, would nirn in the same direction. Dashiell and Bayroff (1931) suggested that the animals established a "forward-going tendency" during the start alley run, and the later nlrn was a correction. Hull's ( 1943) concept of reactive inhibition wich which the first right :urn results in a red~iction of the probability of its occurrence at the T , has also been used to account for these observations.A recent increase ill incerest in this problem has raised questions concerning the adequacy of these interpretations when applied to invertebrate maze behavior (Akre). Analysis of these studies suggests thac all three hypotheses have some utility; however, maze problems may be devised thac severely tax the utility of any of the three.This report considers a maze problem where the turning behavior is prcdictable using the In hypothesis, but neither the "centrifugal swing" nor "forward-going tendency" hypothesis yields usef111 predictions. The hypothesis yields predictions of an increase in left-rurn tendency with an increase in the number of prior right turns, and with a decrease in the distance (time) between prior right turns, and chance T-maze performance when the organisms m n an equivalent distance but make no prior curns. 'L. B. S. at Palo Alto VA Hospital. J. E. M. now at California State College at Fullerton.

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Section: Results a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“Reactive Inhibition” in the Sowbug

1965

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“…In both cases (innate novelty-seeking behaviour or innate shifting behaviour), during the task, in order to successfully alternate choices across trials, an animal has to remember which arm had been visited in the previous trial, which makes spontaneous alternation T-maze an optimal test for spatial working memory. Over the past century, spontaneous alternation has been found in a wide variety of mammalian species, including rats 6 , mice 14 , hamsters 15 , guinea pigs 16 , rabbits 17 , gerbils 18 , ferrets 19 , opossums 20 , marmosets 21 and cats 22 , and also in non-mammals such as pill bugs 23 , garden woodlice 24 , marine crabs 25 , fruit flies 26 , 27 , goldfish 28 and zebrafish 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparatus design and behavioural testing protocol for the evaluation of spatial working memory in mice through the spontaneous alternation T-maze

d’Isa

Comı

Leocani

2021

Sci Rep

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Spatial working memory can be assessed in mice through the spontaneous alternation T-maze test. The T-maze is a T-shaped apparatus featuring a stem (start arm) and two lateral goal arms (left and right arms). The procedure is based on the natural tendency of rodents to prefer exploring a novel arm over a familiar one, which induces them to alternate the choice of the goal arm across repeated trials. During the task, in order to successfully alternate choices across trials, an animal has to remember which arm had been visited in the previous trial, which makes spontaneous alternation T-maze an optimal test for spatial working memory. As this test relies on a spontaneous behaviour and does not require rewards, punishments or pre-training, it represents a particularly useful tool for cognitive evaluation, both time-saving and animal-friendly. We describe here in detail the apparatus and the protocol, providing representative results on wild-type healthy mice.

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“…Pill bugs and wood lice are well known that they exhibit turn alternation (TA) behavior, which is an individual tends to turn left and right alternately when it comes across obstacles [8,9,10,11,12,13]. Hughes discusses that TA behavior is caused by certain fatigue effect of legs; at a turning point, legs traveling shorter distance are less fatigued than ones in the opposite side of the body, and they will travel longer distance at the next corner [10].…”

Section: Turn Alternationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Model of Animal Behavior to Comprehend an Aspect of Decision-Making

Migita¹,

Moriyama²

2004

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Extending the theory of planned behavior as a model of cognitive and motivational influences on academic performance AIP Conf.Abstract. Most animal behaviors are considered to have been evolved through their own courses of natural selection. Since mechanisms of natural selection depend tightly on environments in which animals of interest inhabit, the environment for an animal appears a priori, and stimulus-response (S-R) relationships are stable as long as it returns constant benefit. We claim, however, no environment for an animal cannot be regarded as a priori and any animal can exhibit more elaborated behavior than S-R. In other words, every animal is more or less cognitive in terms that it may modify a meaning of stimulus. We introduce a minimal model to demonstrate the cognitive aspect of the pill bug's turn alternation (TA) behavior. The simulated pill bug can modify its own response pattern to the stimulus of water, though stable response appears to be prerequisite to TA behavior.

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Alternative Turning Response of Armadillidium vulgare

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

“Reactive Inhibition” in the Sowbug

“Reactive Inhibition” in the Sowbug

Apparatus design and behavioural testing protocol for the evaluation of spatial working memory in mice through the spontaneous alternation T-maze

Cognitive Model of Animal Behavior to Comprehend an Aspect of Decision-Making

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