Aluminum citrate: isolation and structural characterization of a stable trinuclear complex

Feng, Timothy L.; Gurian, Patrick L.; Healy, M. D.; Barron, Andrew R.

doi:10.1021/ic00328a013

Cited by 130 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…Berthon and Dayde (43) (42) and in our laboratory (45) through the use of 27A1-NMR. We found further that the trinuclear species indeed appeared at an aluminum:citrate ratio close to 1.…”

Section: Specific Sources Of Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

The biological speciation and toxicokinetics of aluminum.

DeVoto

Yokel

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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This review discusses recent literature on the chemical and physiological factors that influence the absorption, distribution, and excretion of aluminum in mammals, with particular regard to gastrointestinal absorption and speciation in plasma. Humans encounter aluminum, a ubiquitous yet highly insoluble element in most forms, in foods, drinking water, and pharmaceuticals. Exposure also occurs by inhalation of dust and aerosols, particularly in occupational settings. Absorption from the gut depends largely on pH and the presence of complexing ligands, particularly carboxylic acids, with which the metal can form absorbable neutral aluminum species. Uremic animals and humans experience higher than normal body burdens of aluminum despite increased urinary clearance of the metal. In plasma, 80-90% of aluminum binds to transferrin, an iron-transport protein for which receptors exist in many tissue. The remaining fraction of plasma aluminum takes the form of small-molecule hydroxy species and small complexes with carboxylic acids, phosphate, and, to a much lesser degree, amino acids. Most of these species have not been observed in vivo but are predicted from equilibrium models derived from potentiometric methods and NMR investigations. These models predict that the major small-molecule aluminum species under plasma conditions are charged and hence unavailable for uptake into tissues.

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“…Berthon and Dayde (43) (42) and in our laboratory (45) through the use of 27A1-NMR. We found further that the trinuclear species indeed appeared at an aluminum:citrate ratio close to 1.…”

Section: Specific Sources Of Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

The biological speciation and toxicokinetics of aluminum.

DeVoto

Yokel

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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“…32 The mixed metal complex is highly soluble in water (~3M) from pH 3.5 to 10.5. The 9 Be NMR spectrum exhibits one peak at 1.84 ppm indicating that the Be resides in the six-membered chelated ring of citrate and the 27 Al NMR spectrum shows a broad singlet at 14.0 ppm. The singlet in the 27 Al NMR spectrum (in contrast to the four peaks observed for the 1 : 1 aluminium citrate complex) combined with the observation that the 13 C NMR spectrum has only one resonance for each of the carbon atoms from citric acid suggests that the mixed metal complex is highly favored thermodynamically and the dominant species in solution at the Be : Al : citric acid ratio of 1 : 1 : 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 9 Be NMR spectrum exhibits one peak at 1.84 ppm indicating that the Be resides in the six-membered chelated ring of citrate and the 27 Al NMR spectrum shows a broad singlet at 14.0 ppm. The singlet in the 27 Al NMR spectrum (in contrast to the four peaks observed for the 1 : 1 aluminium citrate complex) combined with the observation that the 13 C NMR spectrum has only one resonance for each of the carbon atoms from citric acid suggests that the mixed metal complex is highly favored thermodynamically and the dominant species in solution at the Be : Al : citric acid ratio of 1 : 1 : 2. An X-ray diffraction study of the Be-Al-CA 2 complex revealed an interesting four-metal complex with a core of two Al and two Be ions in an eight-membered ring with bridging O atoms from the α-hydroxyl groups of the four bound CA ligands (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bioinorganic chemistry and associated immunology of chronic beryllium disease

et al. 2008

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Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a debilitating, incurable, and often fatal disease that is caused by the inhalation of beryllium particulates. The growing use of beryllium in the modern world, in products ranging from computers to dental prosthetics (390 tons of beryllium in the US in the year 2000) necessitates a molecular based understanding of the disease in order to prevent and cure CBD. We have investigated the molecular basis of CBD at Los Alamos National Laboratory during the past six years, employing a multidisciplinary approach of bioinorganic chemistry and immunology. The results of this work, including speciation, inhalation and dissolution, and immunology will be discussed.

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“…This effect has been attributed to the extremely high charge density o f beryllium (Z/r = 6.45) which is only rivaled by that o f alu minium (Z/r = 6.00) [1]. It is therefore o f little surprise, that it was only in the case of a citrate complex of aluminium that a deprotonated hydroxyl function was very recent ly detected as a donor site for a typical (main group) metal in crystals obtained from low acidity aqueous solution [15]. Already with lactic acid, however, the alkoxy group bound to aluminium remains protonated [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beryllium Coordination to Bio-Ligands: Isolation from Aqueous Solution and Crystal Structure of a Hexanuclear Complex of Be²⁺ with Glycolic Acid, Na₄[Be₆(OCH₂CO₂)₈]

Kumberger

Riede

Schmidbaur

1992

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung B

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Aluminum citrate: isolation and structural characterization of a stable trinuclear complex

Cited by 130 publications

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The biological speciation and toxicokinetics of aluminum.

The biological speciation and toxicokinetics of aluminum.

The bioinorganic chemistry and associated immunology of chronic beryllium disease

Beryllium Coordination to Bio-Ligands: Isolation from Aqueous Solution and Crystal Structure of a Hexanuclear Complex of Be²⁺ with Glycolic Acid, Na₄[Be₆(OCH₂CO₂)₈]

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Aluminum citrate: isolation and structural characterization of a stable trinuclear complex

Cited by 130 publications

References 0 publications

The biological speciation and toxicokinetics of aluminum.

The biological speciation and toxicokinetics of aluminum.

The bioinorganic chemistry and associated immunology of chronic beryllium disease

Beryllium Coordination to Bio-Ligands: Isolation from Aqueous Solution and Crystal Structure of a Hexanuclear Complex of Be2+ with Glycolic Acid, Na4[Be6(OCH2CO2)8]

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Beryllium Coordination to Bio-Ligands: Isolation from Aqueous Solution and Crystal Structure of a Hexanuclear Complex of Be²⁺ with Glycolic Acid, Na₄[Be₆(OCH₂CO₂)₈]