Alveolar bone healing process in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): A radiographic densitometry study

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. If undiagnosed or untreated, this pathology represents a systemic risk factor and offers unfavorable conditions for dental treatments, especially those requiring bone healing.Objectives The purpose of this study was to demonstrate, by analysis of bone mineral density (BMD), that the alveolar bone healing process is altered in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Material and Methods Wistar rats and SHRs were submitted to extraction of the upper right incisor and were euthanized 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days after surgery. Right maxillae were collected, radiographed and analyzed using Digora software. BMD was expressed as minimum (min), middle (med) and maximum (max) in the medium (MT) and apical (AT) thirds of the dental alveolus. ResultsThe results were compared across days and groups. Wistar showed difference in med and max BMD in the MT between 7 and 28 and also between 14 and 28 days. The AT exhibited significant difference in med and min BMD between 7 and 28 days, as well as difference in min BMD between 28 and 42 days. SHRs showed lower med BMD in the MT at 28 days when compared to 21 and 42 days. Differences were observed across groups in med and min BMD at day 28 in the MT and AT; and in max BMD at 14, 21 and 42 days in the MT. Conclusions These results suggest that the alveolar bone healing process is delayed in SHRs comparing with Wistar rats.

Morphometric and histologic characterization of alveolar bone from hypertensive patients

“…Hypertension is a systemic disorder characterized by impaired bone turnover culminating in decreased bone mineral density, and consequently bone fractures . Hypertension also affects alveolar bone quality in a rat model suggesting a possible impact on implant stability in the early phase of osseointegration.…”

“…1,4 Besides cardiovascular complications, hypertension negatively affects bone turnover. 5 Hypertension is associated with impaired calcium metabolism, 6,7 decreased bone mineral density, 8,9 osteoporosis, 10 and consequently bone fractures. 11,12 Hypertension also negatively affects bone regeneration.…”

RUNX‐2, OPN and OCN expression induced by grey and white mineral trioxide aggregate in normal and hypertensive rats

“…,b, Manrique et al . ). Once hypertension affects bone metabolism, it is possible that alveolar mineral loss during the development of periapical lesion is exacerbated and the mineralization activity of MTA may decrease.…”

Losartan reverses impaired osseointegration in spontaneously hypertensive rats

“…Every fifth person worldwide today suffers from hypertension and these numbers increase further (Kearney et al, ). In addition to cardiovascular complications, hypertension is associated with impaired calcium metabolism (McCarron, Yung, Ugoretz, & Krutzik, ; Wright & Rankin, ), decreased bone mineral density (Javed et al, ; Manrique et al, ), osteoporosis (Cappuccio, Kalaitzidis, Duneclift, & Eastwood, ), and consequently bone fractures (Vestergaard, Rejnmark, & Mosekilde, ; Yamamoto et al, ). Hypertension also negatively affects bone regeneration (Gealh et al, ; Manrique et al, ) and alveolar bone quality (Bastos et al, ), both crucial elements for the osseointegration of dental implants (Isidor, , Schenk and Buser, ).…”