Alveolar hydatid disease of the liver: first case report from man in Iraq

Al-Attar, H. K.; Al-Irhayim, Bedoor; Al-Habbal, Mohammad J

doi:10.1080/00034983.1983.11811758

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In view of the fact that neighbouring Turkey is known to be highly endemic this is likely underreported. There is a single case report of AE from northern Iraq [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Burden of Alveolar Echinococcosis

et al. 2010

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BackgroundHuman alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is known to be common in certain rural communities in China whilst it is generally rare and sporadic elsewhere. The objective of this study was to provide a first estimate of the global incidence of this disease by country. The second objective was to estimate the global disease burden using age and gender stratified incidences and estimated life expectancy with the disease from previous results of survival analysis. Disability weights were suggested from previous burden studies on echinococcosis.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe undertook a detailed review of published literature and data from other sources. We were unable to make a standardised systematic review as the quality of the data was highly variable from different countries and hence if we had used uniform inclusion criteria many endemic areas lacking data would not have been included. Therefore we used evidence based stochastic techniques to model uncertainty and other modelling and estimating techniques, particularly in regions where data quality was poor. We were able to make an estimate of the annual global incidence of disease and annual disease burden using standard techniques for calculation of DALYs. Our studies suggest that there are approximately 18,235 (CIs 11,900–28,200) new cases of AE per annum globally with 16,629 (91%) occurring in China and 1,606 outside China. Most of these cases are in regions where there is little treatment available and therefore will be fatal cases. Based on using disability weights for hepatic carcinoma and estimated age and gender specific incidence we were able to calculate that AE results in a median of 666,434 DALYs per annum (CIs 331,000-1.3 million).Conclusions/SignificanceThe global burden of AE is comparable to several diseases in the neglected tropical disease cluster and is likely to be one of the most important diseases in certain communities in rural China on the Tibetan plateau.

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“…In view of the fact that neighbouring Turkey is known to be highly endemic this is likely underreported. There is a single case report of AE from northern Iraq [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Burden of Alveolar Echinococcosis

et al. 2010

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“…In Iraq, a human case of AE has been reported from the north, in Zakho near the IraqieTurkish border (Al-Attar et al, 1983). However, no animal reservoir has yet been identified.…”

Section: 2 Infections In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis

Deplazes

Rinaldi

Rojas

et al. 2017

Advances in Parasitology

774

679

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“…AE cases are geographically distributed only in the Northern Hemisphere, including North America [ 7 ], west-central Europe [ 8 , 9 ], Iran [ 10 – 13 ], Iraq [ 14 , 15 ], western and central China (Tibet Autonomous Region, west and south of Gansu Province, northwest Sichuan and southeast Qinghai Province) [ 16 – 20 ], Korea [ 21 ], and northern Japan, mainly in Hokkaido Island [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasiopodomys fuscus as an important intermediate host for Echinococcus multilocularis: isolation and phylogenetic identification of the parasite

et al. 2018

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BackgroundEchinococcus multilocularis causes alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and is widely prevalent in Qinghai Province, China, where a number of different species have been identified as hosts. However, limited information is available on the Qinghai vole (Lasiopodomys fuscus), which is hyper endemic to Qinghai Province and may represent a potential intermediate host of E. multilocularis. Thus, L. fuscus could contribute to the endemicity of AE in the area.MethodsFifty Qinghai voles were captured from Jigzhi County in Qinghai Province for the clinical identification of E. multilocularis infection via anatomical examination. Hydatid fluid was collected from vesicles of the livers in suspected voles and subjected to a microscopic examination and PCR assay based on the barcoding gene of cox 1. PCR-amplified segments were sequenced for a phylogenetic analysis. E. multilocularis-infected Qinghai voles were morphologically identified and subjected to a phylogenetic analysis to confirm their identities.ResultsSeventeen of the 50 Qinghai voles had E. multilocularis-infection-like vesicles in their livers. Eleven out of the 17 Qinghai voles presented E. multilocularis infection, which was detected by PCR and sequencing. The phylogenetic analysis showed that all 11 positive samples belonged to the E. multilocularis Asian genotype. A morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis of the E. multilocularis-infected Qinghai voles confirmed that all captured animals were L. fuscus.ConclusionsL. fuscus can be infected with E. multilocularis and plays a potential role in the life cycle and epidemiology of E. multilocularis in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0409-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Alveolar hydatid disease of the liver: first case report from man in Iraq

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

The Global Burden of Alveolar Echinococcosis

The Global Burden of Alveolar Echinococcosis

Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis

Lasiopodomys fuscus as an important intermediate host for Echinococcus multilocularis: isolation and phylogenetic identification of the parasite

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