Amarelinha do Amapá: a carotenoid-rich cassava cultivar

Nassar, Nagib M. A.; Fernandes, Pablo Cristovão de Alencar; Melani, R. D.; Júnior, Osmindo Rodrigues Pires

doi:10.4238/vol8-3gmr625

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 33.3% of preschool children and 15.3% of pregnant women globally suffer from low serum retinol concentrations (<0.70 μmol/l), of which half of the children and one-third of pregnant women reside in SSA. One of the most important yellow fleshed cassava cultivars is 'Amarelinha do Amapá ', which was collected from Amapa, Brazil and has a beta-carotene content of 27 mg per 100 g (Nassar et al 2009).…”

Section: Breeding Improved Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crops that feed the world: Production and improvement of cassava for food, feed, and industrial uses

2017

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is one of the oldest root and tuber crops, used by humans to produce food, feed and beverages. Currently, cassava is produced in more than 100 countries and fulfils the daily caloric demands of millions of people living in tropical America, Africa, and Asia. Its importance as a food security crop is high in Western, Central and Eastern Africa due to its ability to produce reasonable yields (~10 t/ha) in poor soils and with minimal inputs. Traditionally a famine reserve and a subsistence crop, the status of cassava is now evolving fast as a cash crop and as raw material in the production of starch (and starch based products), energy (bioethanol) and livestock feed in the major producing countries. Cassava leaves, which are rich in protein and beta-carotenoids, are also used as a vegetable and forage (fresh or dehydrated meal) in various parts of the world. In recent years, some of the problems in the production of cassava have been increasing infection with cassava mosaic disease (CMD), cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB). Inherent postharvest physiological disorder (PPD) and cyanogenic glycosides (CG) are some of the most prominent challenges for scientists, producers and consumers in the post-production systems. Collaborative research in participatory plant breeding is ongoing at leading international research institutes such as IITA and CIAT to improve crop resistance to virus diseases, reduce PPD and CG, and improve the overall nutritional characteristics. Further research should also focus on post-production systems by developing enhanced storage and transportation techniques, mechanisation (peeling, size reduction, drying and dewatering) and improved packaging. Moreover, a robust national policy, market development, and dissemination and extension program are required to realise the full potential of innovations and technologies in cassava production and processing.

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Section: Breeding Improved Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crops that feed the world: Production and improvement of cassava for food, feed, and industrial uses

2017

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“…Like with other staples, the cassava storage root is rich in starch but poor in protein and micronutrients like iron, zinc, and provitamin A. Yellow-rooted cultivars producing provitamin A carotenoids are rare, although some yellow landraces have been identified in Amazonia (Ferreira et al, 2008;Nassar et al, 2009); most breeding populations are white rooted. Because of the difficult and unwieldy breeding of cassava, genetic modification is being considered as a viable option but was hindered in the past by less-well-developed basic knowledge of the crop compared with other staples, such as maize (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provitamin A Accumulation in Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Roots Driven by a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in a Phytoene Synthase Gene

et al. 2010

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important staple crop, especially in the arid tropics. Because roots of commercial cassava cultivars contain a limited amount of provitamin A carotenoids, both conventional breeding and genetic modification are being applied to increase their production and accumulation to fight vitamin A deficiency disorders. We show here that an allelic polymorphism in one of the two expressed phytoene synthase (PSY) genes is capable of enhancing the flux of carbon through carotenogenesis, thus leading to the accumulation of colored provitamin A carotenoids in storage roots. A single nucleotide polymorphism present only in yellow-rooted cultivars cosegregates with colored roots in a breeding pedigree. The resulting amino acid exchange in a highly conserved region of PSY provides increased catalytic activity in vitro and is able to increase carotenoid production in recombinant yeast and Escherichia coli cells. Consequently, cassava plants overexpressing a PSY transgene produce yellow-fleshed, high-carotenoid roots. This newly characterized PSY allele provides means to improve cassava provitamin A content in cassava roots through both breeding and genetic modification.

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“…As a food crop, cassava is the most beneficial stable crop consumed by over 800 million people [3,15]. Cassava provides over 700 million people an energy calorie of 500 cal/day of energy with a 100 cal/day consumption of the roots in tropical areas [3].…”

Section: Cassava As a Food Security Feed And Industrial Cropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Cassava Mosaic Begomoviruses, Cassava Brown Streak Ipomoviruses and Satellites to Cassava Production

Kwame Torkpo,

Amponsah

2024

Cassava - Recent Updates on Food, Feed, and Industry

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Cassava is an important food security and industrial crop. Its production is constrained by viral diseases such as cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) and ipomoviruses, respectively. In recent years, CMBs have been associated with satellite DNAs. Food security status of cassava coupled with high demand for cassava as feed and industrial uses has been the driving force for scientists and the research community in Africa and beyond. In this review, cassava production, uses of cassava, production constraints, begomoviruses, satellite DNAs, Bemisia tabaci, cassava mosaic disease (CMD), Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV), current and future efforts in cassava production and research are discussed. This was done in an effort to create a knowledge pool that can promote cassava food security status and mitigate disease and yield loss.

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Amarelinha do Amapá: a carotenoid-rich cassava cultivar

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Crops that feed the world: Production and improvement of cassava for food, feed, and industrial uses

Crops that feed the world: Production and improvement of cassava for food, feed, and industrial uses

Provitamin A Accumulation in Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Roots Driven by a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in a Phytoene Synthase Gene

Challenges of Cassava Mosaic Begomoviruses, Cassava Brown Streak Ipomoviruses and Satellites to Cassava Production

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