Amarisolide A and pedalitin as bioactive compounds in the antinociceptive effects of Salvia circinata

Abstract

<p align="left"><strong>Background</strong>: <em>Salvia circinata</em> is an endemic species of Mexico used in the folk medicine of Santiago Huauclilla, Oaxaca, mainly as remedy for gastrointestinal diseases.</p><p align="left"><strong>Hypothesis</strong>: If the extracts of <em>Salvia circinata</em> have secondary metabolites with antinociceptive activity, then the behavior of nociception in the model of “whriting” in mice will decrease.</p><p align="left"><strong>Specie studied</strong>:<strong> </strong><em>Salvia circinata </em>Cav. (Lamiaceae).</p><p align="left"><strong>Study site and years of study</strong>: <em>Salvia circinata </em>was collected in Santiago Huauclilla, Oaxaca, in July 2014.</p><p align="left"><strong>Methods</strong>: Firstly, the acute toxicity of <em>S. circinata</em> extracts was evaluated to calculate the LD<sub>50 </sub>with OECD method. Then, dose-response curves of the antinociceptive effect of <em>S. circinata</em> organic and aqueous extracts (1, 10, 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) were obtained in the writhing test in mice. Furthermore, chromatographic techniques were applied to isolate the compounds and were identified by comparison of the values of <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR and ESIMS reported in the literature.</p><p align="left"><strong>Results</strong>: Our data showed significant antinociceptive activity in all the tested extracts. Amarisolide A and pedalitin were isolated in the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively and assayed at doses of 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p. All the compounds decreased nociception in mice in at least 50 % from a minimal dosage of 1 mg/kg, i.p. and in a similar manner than the reference drug ketorolac (1 mg/kg, i.p.).</p><p align="left"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Our findings give evidence that <em>Salvia circinata </em>possesses antinociceptive activity depending on the presence of several known bioactive constituents, reinforcing its use in the Mexican traditional medicine to alleviate abdominal pain.</p>

Antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects of a neo-clerodane diterpene from Salvia semiatrata aerial parts

“…), a neo -clerodane isolated from the aerial parts of S. circinata , produced significant but non-dose-dependent antinociceptive effects in the writhing test in mice (Moreno-Pérez et al. 2019 ). These data together reinforce the participation of neo -clerodane diterpenes as responsible for the depressant CNS activity of sage and their potential as alternative for pain treatment.…”

“…(Jung et al 2009), Salvia officinalis L. (Rodrigues et al 2012) and Salvia circinata Cav. (Moreno-P erez et al 2019). The antinociceptive effects of S. officinalis (Ghorbani and Esmaelizadeh 2017) and S. circinata (Moreno-P erez et al 2019) have been associated with the presence of diterpenes, triterpenes and flavonoids.…”

“…(Moreno-P erez et al 2019). The antinociceptive effects of S. officinalis (Ghorbani and Esmaelizadeh 2017) and S. circinata (Moreno-P erez et al 2019) have been associated with the presence of diterpenes, triterpenes and flavonoids. In addition, the hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia reuterana Boiss.…”

“…(Moreno-Pérez et al. 2019 ). The antinociceptive effects of S. officinalis (Ghorbani and Esmaelizadeh 2017 ) and S. circinata (Moreno-Pérez et al.…”

Flavonoids and Terpenoids with PTP-1B Inhibitory Properties from the Infusion of Salvia amarissima Ortega

“…[8]. More recently, the antinociceptive properties of an aqueous extract of the plant, 1 and 7 were demonstrated [12].…”