Amazonia, Organized Crime and Illegal Deforestation: Best Practices for the Protection of the Brazilian Amazon

Perazzoni, Franco

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56552-1_2

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Figure 1 represents the legal process of forest products from the PMFS to the timber industry. Unfortunately, the experience in combating illegal deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon shows that, in addition to the irregularities practiced inside the private rural properties authorized to carry out sustainable forest management (such as cutting intensity beyond the allowed limit, cutting of protected species or any species in Areas of Permanent Preservation (Áreas de Preservação Permanente, APP) such as hillsides and river banks), PMFS are also used by criminals for the legalization and trade of illegally obtained forest products from other private and public non-authorized areas such as indigenous lands and national parks [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Figure 2 represents the visual outline of illegal forestry in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geointelligence against Illegal Deforestation and Timber Laundering in the Brazilian Amazon

Perazzoni

Nicolau

Paìnho

2020

IJGI

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Due to the characteristics of the Southern Amazonas Mesoregion (Mesorregião Sul do Amazonas, MSA), conducting on-site surveys in all licensed forestry areas (Plano de Manejo Florestal, PMFS) is an impossible task. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to: (i) analyze the use of geointelligence (GEOINT) techniques to support the evaluation of PMFS; and (ii) verify if the PMFS located in the MSA are being executed in accordance with Brazilian legislation. A set of twenty-two evaluation criteria were established. These were initially applied to a “standard” PMFS and subsequently replicated to a larger area of 83 PMFS, located in the MSA. GEOINT allowed for a better understanding of each PMFS, identifying illegal forestry activities and evidence of timber laundering. Among these results, we highlight the following evidences: (i) inconsistencies related to total transport time and prices declared to the authorities (48% of PMFS); (ii) volumetric information incompatible with official forest inventories and/or not conforming with Benford’s law (37% of PMFS); (iii) signs of exploitation outside the authorized polygon limits (35% PMFS) and signs of clear-cutting (29% of PMFS); (iv) no signs of infrastructure compatible with licensed forestry (17% of PMFS); and (v) signs of exploitation prior to the licensing (13% of PMFS) and after the expiration of licensing (3%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geointelligence against Illegal Deforestation and Timber Laundering in the Brazilian Amazon

Perazzoni

Nicolau

Paìnho

2020

IJGI

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“…Mining is also connected to deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon but is less prominent in the literature. Illegal mining involves criminal activities similar to logging (Perazzoni, 2018). Activities include fraud in acquiring permits or extraction without a permit, using authorisations for one area to legalise extraction from illegal areas, falsifying documentation with regard to quantity allowances, and corruption of National Department of Mineral Production.…”

Section: Criminal Involvement In Deforestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The database for mining activity, Cadastro Mineiro, records authorised locations, types of activities, and the valid dates of permits (Perazzoni, 2018). A complementary geographic information system identifies the location and dimensions of the estate authorised.…”

Section: National Systems and Policies Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal Activity and Deforestation in Latin America

Bolton¹

2020

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This review examines evidence on criminal deforestation activity in Latin America (particularly, but not exclusively the Amazon) and draws from the literature on the lessons learned in combatting criminal deforestation activity. This review focuses on Brazil as representative of the overwhelming majority of literature on criminal activity in relation to deforestation in the Amazon. The literature notes that Illegal deforestation occurs largely through criminal networks as they have the capacity for coordination, processing, selling, and the deployment of armed men to protect operations. Bribery, corruption, and fraud are deeply ingrained in deforestation. Networks may bribe geoprocessing experts, police, and public officials. Members of the criminal groups may become council members, mayors, and state representatives. Land titles are fabricated and trading documentation fraudulent. The literature also notes some interventions to combat this criminal deforestation activity: monitoring and law enforcement; national systems for registry and monitoring; legal enforcement for compliance of environmental law; International agreements and action; and Involving indigenous communities in combatting deforestation.

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“…3 "Biome is a set of plant and animal life, constituted by the grouping of vegetation types that are close and that can be identified at a regional level, with similar geology and climate conditions and that, historically, underwent the same processes of landscape formation, resulting in a diversity of flora and fauna of its own" (IBGE Educa, n.d.). Source: IBGE Brazilian Biomes Map, adapted by The Brazilian Amazon Rainforest covers about 4.2 million square kilometres, representing approximately 49% of the Brazilian territory (Perazzoni, 2018) 4 . This is probably the best-known forest of the country.…”

Section: Research Context 1deforestation In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The central Amazon is recognized as a World Heritage Site 5 and a Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO, 2018;. The Amazon plays an important role in the global ecosystem and global climate (Perazzoni, 2018). The forest processes approximately 15% of terrestrial photosynthesis of the world; is home to a quarter of the terrestrial species of the planet; hosts 200-300 different tree species per hectare; stores 120 ± 30Pg C in biomass carbon 6 ; and influences global atmospheric circulation through its evaporation and condensation processes (Malhi et al, 2008;Perazzoni, 2018;Prüssmann et al, 2016).…”

Section: Research Context 1deforestation In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Psychological and Socio-Demographic Predictors of Pro-Environmental Behaviours Towards Forest Conservation in Brazil.

Godinho¹

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Deforestation has become a major issue facing Brazil. The constant loss of forests across the country has reached alarming levels. Encouraging Brazilians to engage in pro-environmental behaviours that support forest conservation is an urgent need. This thesis explores how Brazilians perceive forest conservation actions in the country. It also explores psychological and demographic factors as predictors of pro-environmental behaviours towards forest conservation, such as learning about environmental issues or signing petitions on forest conservation. An online survey was distributed using the snowball sampling technique to obtain data from all five macro-regions of Brazil, which reached a total sample size of N=977. The main results demonstrated that Brazilians perceived deforestation as a major environmental issue facing the country and that local community engagement was the best solution to relieving the forest degradation caused by humans. However, not all participants believed themselves capable of acting for forest conservation. Connection with nature played an important role in predicting pro-environmental behaviours towards forest conservation. Concern about deforestation and a participant’s age were also significant predictors of pro-environmental behaviours towards forest conservation. The findings of this thesis contribute to our understanding of public opinion about Brazilian’s forest conservation. Moreover, they advance the understanding of psychological and demographic factors enabling pro-environmental behaviours towards forest conservation in Brazil. They could help inform policies to mitigate human impacts on deforestation in Brazil.

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Amazonia, Organized Crime and Illegal Deforestation: Best Practices for the Protection of the Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Geointelligence against Illegal Deforestation and Timber Laundering in the Brazilian Amazon

Geointelligence against Illegal Deforestation and Timber Laundering in the Brazilian Amazon

Criminal Activity and Deforestation in Latin America

Exploring the Psychological and Socio-Demographic Predictors of Pro-Environmental Behaviours Towards Forest Conservation in Brazil.

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