Amelanotic corneal melanoma after a blast injury

Naseri, Ayman; Char, Devron H.; Howes, Edward L.; Paglen, Patrick G

doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(00)00780-7

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is important to examine the entire conjunctiva, including eversion of the eyelids, to exclude PAM and multifocal melanoma (9) , which can accompany a corneal tumor (2) . A corneal MM may vary in appearance, from a nodular and amelanotic lesion, as observed in our patient, to a flat and pigmented lesion (10) or a corneal stromal opacity secondary to trauma (8) or continuous exposure to plastics fumes at work (9) . In conclusion, the findings of this case indicate that awareness of this nonpigmented melanoma is important for early recognition and appropriate management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…These cells then enter the vertical growth phase and give rise to an MM. Limbal melanocytes may also be carried along with epithelial cells that migrate from the limbal stem cell area to the basal layer of the corneal epithelium (2,8) . In the present case, the episodes of presumed keratitis may have played a role; this initial injury could have induced the migration of melanocytes into the cornea, followed by neoplastic transformation of these cells (2) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amelanotic corneally displaced malignant conjunctival melanoma: a case report evaluated with impression cytology

Barros

Motono²,

Costa³

et al. 2014

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia

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Here we describe the case of a 65-year-old Caucasian female who presented with an amelanotic malignant conjunctival melanoma and highlight the clinical and pathological features of this rare entity that displayed exclusive corneal invasive growth without evidence of conjunctival tumors other than primary acquired melanosis. Impression cytology aided in the initial diagnosis. The patient underwent surgical treatment. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed an invasive amelanotic melanoma limited to the cornea and exhibiting S-100, Melan A, and HMB-45 positivity. The absence of pigmentation delayed early clinical detection and treatment. Awareness of this nonpigmented melanoma is important for early recognition and appropriate management. vessels to the temporal limbus. The conjunctiva appeared normal without thickening or pigmentation. The right eye was normal, revealing an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 according to the Snellen chart. The intraocular pressure was 12 mmHg in both eyes. There were no other abnormal findings, and no history of systemic disease was recorded. The patient was not undergoing any systemic or topical treatment, but she reported a positive family history of skin cancer. On the basis of slit-lamp examination, anterior segment ultrasound biomicroscopy, and the suspicion of a neoplastic lesion limited to the cornea, impression cytology (IC) was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Following induction of anesthesia with topical 0.5% proxymetacaine hydrochloride (Anestalcon® 0.5%, Alcon, São Paulo, Brazil), a membrane filter (Millipore HAWG01300, Bedford, EUA) was placed onto the corneal surface, gently pressed for 5 s, and peeled off. Sampling was performed 3 consecutive times to increase the sensitivity of IC and access the deeper layers. The filters were immediately fixed in a solution containing glacial acetic acid, 37% formaldehyde, and ethyl alcohol in a 1:1:20 volume ratio. All strips were processed with periodic acid-Schiff and Gill's hematoxylin stains. Glass slides were mounted with Entellan (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and cells were analyzed under light microscopy by an experienced professional (J.N.B). IC samples (Figure 2) obtained from the nodule surface and the corneal opacities revealed abundant clusters of pleomorphic, atypiBarros JN, et al. Keywords 59Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2014;77(1):57-9 cal, tumor-dissociated cells of different sizes with anisokaryosis characterized by large and irregular nuclei and occasionally prominent nucleoli. Some of the atypical cells were spindle-shaped. Melanin pigments were absent. Some non-neoplastic squamous epithelial cells were also observed. On the basis of cytomorphological findings, a tentative diagnosis of an amelanotic melanoma was made (4)(5) . The initial surgical approach was complete resection of the corneal components with tumor-free margins, followed by conjunctival cryotherapy and alcohol corneal epitheliectomy. Histological studies were performed. All fragments of the 3-mm-thick tumor demonstrated (Figu...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelanotic corneally displaced malignant conjunctival melanoma: a case report evaluated with impression cytology

Barros

Motono²,

Costa³

et al. 2014

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia

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“…Primary melanocytic neoplasms of the cornea are rare in all species, but have been reported in human patients (Naseri et al . ; Romaniuk et al . ; Uçakhan‐Gündüz et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tumours are often treated with surgical excision by superficial keratectomy; adjunctive treatment, such as topical chemotherapy, can be administered to help decrease recurrence (Naseri et al . ; Uçakhan‐Gündüz et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary corneal malignant melanoma in a horse

Strauss

Allbaugh

Haynes

et al. 2017

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary A 13‐year‐old Missouri Fox Trotter gelding of chestnut colour was referred for a 6‐week history of blepharospasm and epiphora of the left eye. Due to the presence of irregular corneal masses, superficial keratectomy was performed along with adjunctive strontium‐90 beta irradiation and subsequent topical mitomycin C chemotherapy. A diagnosis of poorly melanised malignant melanoma was made based on histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. There has been no recurrence of the neoplasm over 10 months of follow‐up. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first documented case of a primary corneal melanocytic neoplasm in a horse.

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“…Melanocytes can also undergo malignant change and extend into the corneal epithelium from the limbus; this could be seen with primary acquired melanosis (PAM) of the conjunctiva with atypia [3, 8]. Further, there are cases of both pigmented and nonpigmented corneal melanomas after blast injury, raising the possibility that melanocyte displacement into the cornea may be a nidus [11]. Given the shared neural crest origin of melanocytes and peripheral nerves, it is also possible that these tumors may originate from melanocytes accompanying these nerves of the cornea [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Histopathological Features of Corneal Primary Acquired Melanosis and Melanoma

et al. 2021

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Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and pathologic features of corneal primary acquired melanosis (PAM) and melanoma. Methods: We describe 3 cases in total: two cases of corneal melanomas and 1 case of corneal PAM. The eyes were processed routinely for histopathological examination. Clinical histories, treatments, and outcomes were reviewed. Results: Corneal melanomas arose from recurrence of conjunctival melanoma or conjunctival PAM at the limbus. One patient had a recurrence after excision of a limbal melanoma, another had a de novo corneal melanoma, and the last patient had corneal PAM in the setting of conjunctival PAM with atypia. All lesions were excised with adjuvant alcohol debridement and cryotherapy with no recurrence ranging from 1 week to 8 years. Conclusions: Corneal melanomas arise at the limbus from corneal PAM or conjunctival atypia. They can appear after excisional removal of a conjunctival melanoma. Surgical excision with alcohol debridement and adjuvant cryotherapy is successful.

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Amelanotic corneal melanoma after a blast injury

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Amelanotic corneally displaced malignant conjunctival melanoma: a case report evaluated with impression cytology

Amelanotic corneally displaced malignant conjunctival melanoma: a case report evaluated with impression cytology

Primary corneal malignant melanoma in a horse

Clinical and Histopathological Features of Corneal Primary Acquired Melanosis and Melanoma

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