Amelogenin in calcified matrices of odontogenic cysts and odontogenic tumors: An immunohistochemical study

Abstract

Background/purpose There are few studies comparing the expression of enamel proteins, such as amelogenin, and cytokeratins in cyst and odontogenic tumors like in ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst, indicating that amelogenin could be a potential biomarker for the aggressiveness in the odontogenic tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the expression of amelogenin, cytokeratin AE1/AE3 (CKAE1/AE3) and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) in cysts and odontogenic tumors with calcified matrices such as calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), compound (CdO) and complex (CxO) odontomas, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) and calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) as an aggressiveness indicator. Materials and methods Three COC, eight CxO, three CdO, twelve AOT, two CEOT and three dental germs were submitted to an immunohistochemistry panel of antibodies composed of amelogenin, CKAE1/AE3 and CK14. Results CKAE1/AE3 and CK14 was present in all odontogenic epithelia. The amelogenin protein was detected in prismatic and amorphous calcified matrices of epithelial origin belonging to CxO, CdO, AOT, COC and the tooth germs used as controls. On the other hand, the CEOT was the only tumor or cyst studied that did not present immunostaining for amelogenin in calcified matrices. Conclusion Amelogenin was detected in pathologies with a low or absent recurrence rate and excellent prognosis. CEOT was the lesion of greater clinical aggressiveness which did not express amelogenin. The presence of amelogenin in calcified matrices of odontogenic arise could be an indicator of low aggressiveness.

Correlation between Amelogenin and Osteopontin Expression in Ameloblastomas and Odontogenic Cysts: An Immunohistochemical Study

“…Conversely, their results of reduced enamel epithelium and dental lamina were with ours of dental germs. On the contrary, Zakaraia et al [1] and Urzua et al [23] reported positive AMEL immunoexpression in ABs.…”

Effect of injectable calcium alginate-amelogenin hydrogel on macrophage polarization and promotion of jaw bone osteogenesis

“…Therefore, developing novel scaffold materials that meet the needs of a wide range of patients is critically needed. Current findings suggest that enamel can induce the regeneration of periodontal support tissues (gingival, periodontal, osseous, and alveolar bone) [7][8][9] ; however, AM cannot persist for long periods in areas of periodontal tissue defects [11,12] . To solve this issue, in this study we compounded AM with a drug-loaded CA hydrogel and the outcome was successful.…”

“…M2 macrophages also produce a large number of growth factors and chemokines related to bone healing, contributing to the homing and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone healing. Amelogenin (AM) is an essential component of enamel matrix proteins, and current findings suggest that it can induce periodontal support tissue regeneration [7][8][9] ; however, studies on its mechanism of action are rare. Yamamichi et al .…”

Effect of injectable calcium alginate–amelogenin hydrogel on macrophage polarization and promotion of jawbone osteogenesis

“…Addressing this, our study aimed to develop a novel scaffold material that can cater to a broad patient spectrum. Current findings suggest that enamel can induce the regeneration of periodontal support tissues (gingival, periodontal, osseous, and alveolar bone); 7–9 however, AM tends to degrade rapidly in periodontal tissue defect sites. 11,12 To mitigate this, we incorporated AM into a drug-loaded CA hydrogel, achieving promising results in addressing this challenge.…”

“…Amelogenin (AM) is an essential component of enamel matrix proteins, and current ndings suggest that it can induce periodontal support tissue regeneration; [7][8][9] however, studies on its mechanism of action are rare. Yamamichi et al showed that AM could induce M2 polarization and promote periodontal tissue healing and regeneration.…”