American vines, European potatoes: An evolutionary history of European migrations in southern Brazil

Majo, Claudio de; Relly, Eduardo

doi:10.22459/ireh.06.01.2020.01

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Migrant ranchers are mainly from southern Brazil (Schneider & Peres, 2015), and although racial mixing with indigenous communities occurred (Tavares et al ., 2019), the culture retains strong European cultural roots (De Majo & Relly, 2020). They do not enjoy eating wildlife other than ungulates and ungulate‐like large rodents (Trinca & Ferrari, 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landowner perceptions of livestock predation: implications for persecution of an Amazonian apex predator

Miranda

Peres

Downs

2021

Animal Conservation

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Apex predators are widely threatened globally and generally considered a priority on the conservation biology agenda. The harpy eagle, Harpia harpyja, is an apex predator threatened by habitat loss and persecution and a flagship species for Neotropical conservation. We investigated the roles of social, economic and environmental factors related to livestock depredation by harpy eagles, causes of reported harpy eagle persecution by local landholders and the intent of future harpy eagle killings. We explored these issues using structured interviews with 184 local livestock owners, who had admitted killing a combined total of 181 harpy eagles. We found that livestock abundance and livestock husbandry were the best positive predictors of levels of self‐reported livestock predation by harpy eagles. Domestic livestock reported to be killed by harpy eagles (192) were mainly chickens (47.9%), followed by goats (22.4%), pigs (18.2%) and sheep (8.3%), with pets representing only ~3% of kills. Few harpy eagle killings were related to livestock predation, which accounted for less than 20% of all eagles killed. Instead, the main reason for killing harpy eagles was simple curiosity, and many interviewees reported later regretting their acts. Regarding intent to kill harpy eagles in the future, interviewees’ perceptions of the threat posed to livestock and humans by eagles, and the subjective norm, were unrelated to intent to kill harpy eagles further. The single most important factor in predicting intent to kill harpy eagles was whether the interviewee had suffered livestock predation by eagles in the past. Additionally, the intention to kill eagles was negatively associated with landholding size. Most of our interviewees were relatively large landowners, but they are typically outnumbered by smallholders who are more likely to persecute harpy eagles. Consequently, education, compensation and tourism activities should be directed to smallholders to mitigate unnecessary persecution and mortality of harpy eagles.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landowner perceptions of livestock predation: implications for persecution of an Amazonian apex predator

Miranda

Peres

Downs

2021

Animal Conservation

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“…Over the last twenty years, cotton production has increased by 400% with the constant support of national agricultural policies despite the numerous economic controversies on the profitability of its production as well as its environmental impacts. Two (02) villages in each of five (5) of the ten (10) districts in the municipality were selected for data collection. These districts and villages represent those with the highest levels of cotton production in the municipality.…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include potatoes which production is primarily based on small scale farming with low yields and economic revenues in Central Europe [9]. The potato became a pivotal element of the Agrarian Revolution by permitting the development of crop rotation and intensification of land, livestock farming and fertilization [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Structuring Cotton Fields to Restructuring Farming Families: Social and Environmental Transformation in Northern Benin

N’goye

Egah

Baco

2022

AJAEES

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Farms in cotton production areas in West Africa have been undergoing environmental, economic, and social transformation, which is contributing to a restructuring of families. Drawing on sociological theories on family models and the functioning of agricultural families, this study collected data through formal and informal interviews with 349 randomly selected cotton producers in Northern Benin. Focus group interviews were also conducted. Data analysis was done through speech analysis and quantitative methods. Results revealed the crucial role of cotton production in the transformation of agrarian systems and land use. Cotton production has become the mainstay of farm development in cotton-growing regions. The economic and technical transformation of farms in the region resulted in significant changes in the allocation of production factors within households as well as in the structure of families. Furthermore, new economic and social challenges led to a decentralization of farm manager responsibilities, and the redistribution of roles and resources. Overall, new forms of farm management emerged within families, which are gradually becoming restructured. Families agricultural models are increasingly fragmenting towards nuclear models. The multiplication of decision-making units coupled with the fragmentation of farm assets calls into question farm sustainability. This study sheds light on the ongoing process in Benin’s cotton zones and the issue of their sustainability.

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“…For further information see Armiero and Tucker 2017. For an environmental history of migrations in southern Brazil see Nodari and Mundstock Xavier 2017, De Majo and Relly 2020.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From slash and burn to winemaking: the historical trajectory of Italiancolonosin the uplands of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Majo

Moretto

2021

Mod. Italy

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This contribution discusses the early years of Italian immigration in the uplands of southern Brazil, known as the Serra Gaucha (1875–1915). Tracing back early agrarian practices and deforestation techniques of the early settlement years, we investigate the consolidation of this human group in the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. In addition, analysing the development of both wood logging and winemaking industries in the region, the essay frames the identitarian construction of this social group, looking at the intersection between cultural traditions from the homeland, socioeconomic drives and local environmental factors. This analysis builds upon primary sources from both Brazilian and Italian institutions, local newspapers, and scholarly publications on environmental history, as well as Brazilian and Italian migration history.

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American vines, European potatoes: An evolutionary history of European migrations in southern Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Landowner perceptions of livestock predation: implications for persecution of an Amazonian apex predator

Landowner perceptions of livestock predation: implications for persecution of an Amazonian apex predator

From Structuring Cotton Fields to Restructuring Farming Families: Social and Environmental Transformation in Northern Benin

From slash and burn to winemaking: the historical trajectory of Italiancolonosin the uplands of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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