American Wildcelery, Vallisneria americana, as a Biomonitor of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Ecosystems

Doust, Lesley Lovett; Doust, Jon Lovett; Biernacki, Maciej

doi:10.1016/s0380-1330(94)71152-7

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It indicates a high uptake OCPs capacity by bulrush roots. Similar results have been also reported in Vallisneria americana, in which root tissues contained the highest OCP concentrations [23]. Likewise, some molecule produced by the plant and released into its root exudate binds to the pollutant itself.…”

Section: Ocps Distribution In Bulrush Tissuessupporting

confidence: 85%

Organochlorine pesticides sequestered in the aquatic macrophyte Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Meyer) Soják from a shallow lake in Argentina

Miglioranza

Moreno

2004

Water Research

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Section: Ocps Distribution In Bulrush Tissuessupporting

confidence: 85%

Organochlorine pesticides sequestered in the aquatic macrophyte Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Meyer) Soják from a shallow lake in Argentina

Miglioranza

Moreno

2004

Water Research

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“…Chemical analyses of water and sediments alone do not provide information on the potential impact of polluting substances on organisms (Lovett-Doust et al, 1994). Heavy metals are added to water bodies as components of herbicides or as byproducts of different human activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nickel on the fern Regnellidium diphyllum Lindm. (Marsileaceae)

Droste

2012

Braz. J. Biol.

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The heterosporous fern Regnellidium diphyllum occurs in southern Brazil and some adjoining localities in Uruguay and Argentina. Currently it is on the list of threatened species in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Anthropic alterations such as the conversion of wetlands into agricultural areas or water and soil contamination by pollutants may compromise the establishment and survival of this species. Nickel (Ni) is an essential nutrient for plants but increasing levels of this metal due to pollution can cause deleterious effects especially in aquatic macrophytes. Megaspore germination tests were performed using Meyer's solution, at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.05, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 mg L -1 of Ni. The initial development of apomictic sporophytes was studied using solutions containing 0 (control) to 4.8 mg L -1 of Ni. A significant negative relation was observed between the different Ni concentrations and the megaspore germination/ sporophyte formation rates. Primary roots, primary leaves and secondary leaves were significantly shorter at 3.2 and 4.8 mg L -1 of Ni, when compared with the treatment without this metal. At 4.8 mg L -1, leaves also presented chlorosis and necrosis. The introduction of pollutants with Ni in the natural habitat of Regnellidium diphyllum may inhibit the establishment of plants in the initial stage of development, a problem to be considered in relation to the conservation of this species.Keywords: heavy metals, megaspore, germination, sporophyte, pollution. Efeitos do níquel sobre a filicínea Regnellidium diphyllum Lindm. (Marsileaceae) ResumoA samambaia heterosporada Regnellidium diphyllum Lindm. ocorre no Sul do Brasil e em algumas localidades vizinhas no Uruguai e na Argentina. Atualmente, consta da lista de espécies ameaçadas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Alterações antrópicas -tais como a conversão de áreas úmidas em áreas de agricultura ou a contaminação de água e solo por poluentes -podem comprometer o estabelecimento e a sobrevivência da espécie. Níquel (Ni) é um nutriente essencial às plantas, mas níveis aumentados desse metal, em razão da poluição, podem causar efeitos deletérios, especialmente em macrófitas aquáticas. Testes de germinação de megásporos foram realizados usando-se solução de Meyer, em concentrações de 0 (controle); 0,05; 0,5; 1; 5; 10; 20; 30; 50; 100 mg L -1 de Ni. O desenvolvimento inicial de esporófitos apomíticos foi estudado usando-se soluções contendo 0 (controle) a 4,8 mg L -1 de Ni. Relação negativa significante foi observada entre diferentes concentrações de Ni e as taxas de germinação de megásporos/formação de esporófitos. Raízes primárias e folhas primárias e secundárias foram significantemente mais curtas a 3,2 e 4,8 mg L -1 de Ni, quando comparadas ao tratamento sem esse metal. Em 4,8 mg L -1 , folhas também apresentaram clorose e necrose. A introdução de poluentes com Ni no habitat natural de Regnellidium diphyllum pode inibir o estabelecimento de plantas em estádio inicial de desenvolvimento, um problemaa a ser consider...

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“…It may be that such a scenario is occurring in populations of Vallisneria, as experimental evidence has shown that adult plants of V. americana show significant site-to-site variation with respect to the degree of organochlorine contamination of their tissues (Lovett Doust, Lovett Doust & Biernacki, 1994a). The results of the present study suggest that, at least for the germination stage of Vallisneria americana, PCBs have no significant negative effect.…”

Section: Contaminant Studymentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Among the various organic pollutants are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which have been shown, in animal models, to cause reproductive failure, and which may also be carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic (Sonzogni & Wayland, 1984). We have also shown that PCB concentrations in Vallisneria biomonitors deployed in the field are correlated with impairment of growth, and clonal and sexual reproduction (Lovett Doust, Lovett Doust & Biernacki, 1994a). The chemical stability of PCBs, their capacity for bioaccumulation, and their generally poor metabolic degradability make them a long-term environmental problem (IJC, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Commonly known as American wildcelery, tape-grass or eelgrass (Catling et al, 1994;Mulligan, 1992), it occurs on submerged freshwater substrates near the shore at water depths of 0.3 to 3.5 metres, especially in areas sheltered from excessive wave action (Herdendorf, Raphael & Jaworski, 1986;Lovett Doust, Lovett Doust & Biernacki, 1994a). The species has also been reported from deeper waters, provided there is sufficient transparency (Korschgen & Green, 1988;Titus, 1983).…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed germination inVallisneria americana: Effects of cold stratification, scarification, seed coat morphology and PCB concentration

Ferasol

Doust

et al. 1995

Écoscience

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Fruits of Vallisneria americana were collected in late September from four sites along the Huron-Erie Corridor, on the Canadian side of this connecting channel between Michigan and Ontario. Some fruits were stored (moist) at 4˚C, and others at 20˚C for 75 days, after which seeds (brown-and white-coloured) were placed in petri plates to germinate. Vallisneria does not have a cold stratification (chilling) requirement for germination, although chilling enhanced percent germination. Testa colour and structure were correlated with seed maturity and germinability: only 30% of the immature white seeds germinated compared with 57% of the larger (mature) brown seeds. Scarification significantly enhanced germination; for example, scarified seeds from Rondeau Bay germinated up to 90% after 60 days, whereas fewer than 30% of non-scarified seeds from that site germinated. Scarified, mature seeds collected from different sites were exposed to various concentrations of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture Aroclor 1260. Overall, in the repeated measures analysis, there were significant effects of treatment, site and time; the high PCB treatment, and the control treatment promoted significantly higher percent germination than the medium and low PCB treatments. Significantly lower % germination was noted for seeds from Mitchell's Bay, overall. Germination of seeds collected from the two more PCB-contaminated sites (Fighting Island and Mitchell's Bay) was not impaired by high levels of PCB (24 µg/L); indeed, for seeds from these sites, the high PCB treatment ranked first in terms of % germination at the end of the study (this difference was statistically significant for Mitchell's Bay). For seeds from the "cleaner" sites (Rondeau Bay and Kettle Point), the highest PCB treatment did not rank first for % germination. This suggests there may be some localized evolution of contaminant tolerance, at least at the stage of germination, or that the biochemical effect of PCBs may be to enhance the process of imbibition, perhaps by increasing membrane permeability.Résumé: Des fruits de Vallisneria americana ont été récoltés, tard en septembre, dans quatre sites échelonnés le long du couloir formé par le lac Huron et le lac Érié, sur le côté canadien de cette voie reliant le Michigan et l'Ontario. Certains fruits ont été conservés (à l'état humide) à une température de 4 °C et d'autres l'ont été à 20 °C pendant 75 jours, après quoi les graines (de couleur brune ou blanche) ont été mises dans des plats de pétri en vue de leur germination. Vallisneria n'est pas une espèce exigeant une période de stratification au froid pour la germination, même si le refroidissement contribue à accroître le pourcentage de germination. La couleur et la structure du péricarpe ont été corrélées avec la maturité des graines et leur pouvoir de germination, seulement 30 % des graines blanches immatures ayant germé par comparaison à 57 % chez les graines brunes matures. La scarification améliore la germination de manière significative; par exemple, les graines ...

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American Wildcelery, Vallisneria americana, as a Biomonitor of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Ecosystems

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Organochlorine pesticides sequestered in the aquatic macrophyte Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Meyer) Soják from a shallow lake in Argentina

Organochlorine pesticides sequestered in the aquatic macrophyte Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Meyer) Soják from a shallow lake in Argentina

Effects of nickel on the fern Regnellidium diphyllum Lindm. (Marsileaceae)

Seed germination inVallisneria americana: Effects of cold stratification, scarification, seed coat morphology and PCB concentration

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