Amide modified polybutylene terephthalate: structure and properties

Bennekom, A.C.M. van; Gaymans, R.J.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00553-8

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Enhancement of crystallization rate of PET is generally achieved through the addition of minerals such as talc or organic acid salts such as sodium benzoate. Other nucleating agents that have been mentioned in the literature include metal oxides and hydrides, residual catalysts and diamide segments [4][5][6]. Several workers have reported the use of nanoparticles, such as organically modified nanoclays as crystallization promoters for a variety of polymers [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes induced crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Anand

Agarwal

Joseph

2006

Polymer

137

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We have investigated the crystallization characteristics of melt compounded nanocomposites of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed that SWNTs at weight fractions as low as 0.03 wt% enhance the rate of crystallization in PET, as the cooling nanocomposite melt crystallizes at a temperature 10 °C higher as compared to neat PET. Isothermal crystallization studies also revealed that SWNTs significantly accelerate the crystallization process. WAXD showed oriented crystallization of PET induced by oriented SWNTs in a randomized PET melt, indicating the role of SWNTs as nucleating sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes induced crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Anand

Agarwal

Joseph

2006

Polymer

137

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“…Besides, we observed a low degree of undercooling (Δ T m = T m – T c ≈ 20 ± 4 °C) for these samples (containing 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% HSs) due to enhanced HS order, in comparison to PBT based TPEs (Δ T m ≈ 36 °C) . Beyond the faster kinetics of aggregation provided by the hydrogen bonds, these low Δ T values suggest a pre‐existing order in the melt state probably coming from persistent interactions at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In the case of the 20% HS sample, the maximum located at high T can easily be explained based on the discussion in the previous two sections. Starting from high T iso , as expected from the Turnbull-Fisher description, 24 the crystallization rate increases as the thermodynamic driving force for nucleation increases due to supercooling of the sample. 38 Consequently, as long as thermodynamic forces dominate, the crystallites grow faster and faster with decreasing T iso .…”

Section: Impact Of the Hs Fraction In The Chainmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Besides, we observed a low degree of undercooling (ΔT m = T m -T c ≈ 20 ± 4 ∘ C) for these samples (containing 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% HSs) due to enhanced HS order, in comparison to PBT based TPEs (ΔT m ≈ 36 ∘ C). 15,24 Beyond the faster kinetics of aggregation provided by the hydrogen bonds, these low ΔT values suggest a pre-existing order in the melt state probably coming from persistent interactions at high temperatures. In fact, while no phase separation or particular order was detected with classic polarized light microscopy, 25 small angle X-ray scattering resolved in time and temperature revealed unambiguously the presence of HS persistent aggregates at T > T m .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Fast scanning calorimetry clarifies the understanding of the complex melting and crystallization behavior of polyesteramide multi‐block copolymers

Sharma

Baeza

Imperiali

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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Fast scanning calorimetry has been applied in order to understand the phase transitions in thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) based on well‐defined multi‐block copolymers made of ‘soft’ polytetrahydrofuran and ‘hard’ terephthalate ester diamides. The intrinsically complex chemical structure of TPEs leads to complex phase transitions. By changing their thermal history over a wide range of temperature (from −100 °C to 200 °C) and cooling rates (from 10 to 4000 °C s−1), we clarify the origins of the various phases present in these materials. In particular, we study the different possibilities for the hard segments to associate depending on their mobility during the quenching phase, forming either strong and stable structures or weaker and metastable ones. Besides, we demonstrate that a minimal cooling rate of 800 °C s−1 is necessary to keep these TPEs (made of short and monodisperse hard segments) amorphous leading to a subsequent cold crystallization when heating back, at around 30 °C. Finally, we validate our interpretations by varying the copolymer composition (from 10 wt% to 20 wt% hard segments), revealing the thermal invariance of poorly organized domains. Based on these data, we also discuss the importance of chain diffusion in the crystallization process. Applying fast scanning calorimetry allows us to link fundamental understanding to industrial application. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Copolymerization is becoming more and more attractive, both for industrial and academic interests and as a convenient way to develop new materials with improved properties and processability. Copolymerization addressed to the modification of the technical properties has become a sustained research activity in the PBT field,4, 5 in which the realization of the present work should be framed. Recently, we have reported on PET copolymers containing 5‐ tert ‐butyl isophthalate units 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐5‐tert‐butyl isophthalate) copolyesters: Synthesis, characterization, and properties

Gomez

Quintana

Ilarduya

et al. 2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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A series of poly(butylene terephthalate) copolyesters containing 5-tert-butyl isophthalate units up to 50%-mole, as well as the homopolyester entirely made of these units, were prepared by polycondensation from the melt. The microstructure of the copolymers was determined by NMR to be at random for the whole range of compositions. The effect exerted by the 5-tert-butyl isophthalate units on thermal, tensile and gas transport properties was evaluated. Both T m and crystallinity as well as the mechanical moduli were found to decrease steadily with copolymerization whereas T g increased and the polyesters became more brittle. Permeability and solubility sligthly increased also with the content in substituted units whereas the diffusion coefficient remained practically constant. For the homopolyester poly(5-tert-butyl isophthalate), all these properties were found to deviate significantly from the general trend displayed by copolyesters suggesting that a different chain mode of packing in the amorphous phase is likely adopted in this case.

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Amide modified polybutylene terephthalate: structure and properties

Cited by 35 publications

References 41 publications

Carbon nanotubes induced crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Carbon nanotubes induced crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Fast scanning calorimetry clarifies the understanding of the complex melting and crystallization behavior of polyesteramide multi‐block copolymers

Poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐5‐tert‐butyl isophthalate) copolyesters: Synthesis, characterization, and properties

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