Amine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide-Stabilized Pd Nanoparticles (Pd@APGO): A Novel and Efficient Catalyst for the Suzuki and Carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions

Abstract

Palladium nanoparticles (NPs) are decorated on the surface of an amine-functionalized graphene oxide (Pd@APGO) and characterized by using various analytical techniques. In this methodology, the surface of graphene oxide is modified using the amine functional groups which help stabilization and distribution of Pd NPs very well and increases the surface electron density of NPs by electron donating from amine groups. This developed catalyst shows a high catalytic activity toward the Suzuki coupling and carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions at mild reaction conditions. The amine on the graphene oxide plays a very crucial role to stabilize and increase the electron density of Pd NPs and prevents the leaching of Pd metals. The Pd@APGO catalyst showed excellent catalytic activity (>90%) with a large range of substrates for both of the reactions and provides five recycle runs without the loss of its activity.

Catalytically active nanosized Pd9Te4(telluropalladinite) and PdTe (kotulskite) alloys: first precursor-architecture controlled synthesis using palladium complexes of organotellurium compounds as single source precursors

“…The number of catalytic systems in general and nanocatalytic systems in particular, which are competent to catalyze the coupling of aryl chlorides, is not very high. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] In fact, aryl chlorides are the least reactive substrates, and most of the catalytic systems either show inactivity for these substrates or show very low efficiency. Many of the reported palladium based nanocatalytic systems require longer reaction times (Table 4, (Table 4, entry 1-4, 15).…”

“…Many of the reported palladium based nanocatalytic systems require longer reaction times (Table 4, (Table 4, entry 1-4, 15). [52][53][54][55]63 Reports about the use of nanosized alloys of palladium as catalysts of Suzuki coupling are rare, but not non-existent in the literature. Such alloys include Pd 1 Ni 4 , CuPd, Y 3 Pd 2 , Pd 3 Te 2 and Pd 17 Se 15 .…”

Ligand Steric Effects of α-Diimine Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes in the Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction

“…In contrast, aryl bromide gave only 50% yield in 1A5 . 14 Recently, a cobalt(II) phthalocyanine complex assembled to a nickel oxide semiconductor has been applied in SMC for generating 1A5 ; still, the recorded yield is as low as 39%. 85 Furthermore, compounds 1A6 and 1A8 presented comparable yields with Ni B and Pd B compared to a reported study containing higher concentration (2–4 mol %) of 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-based commercially accessible catalysts.…”

Copper and nickel immobilized on cytosine@MCM‐41: as highly efficient, reusable and organic–inorganic hybrid nanocatalysts for the homoselective synthesis of tetrazoles and pyranopyrazoles

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Therefore, nanoparticles have been widely used as solid supports for the immobilization of homogeneous catalysts. [8][9][10] For example, silica materials, [11] polymers, [12] graphene oxide, [13][14][15][16] carbon nanotubes, [17] iron oxide, [18] ionic liquids, [19,20] boehmite nanoparticles, [21,22] biochar, [23] magnetic nanoparticles, [24][25][26] etc. were employed as support for the stabilization of homogeneous catalysts.…”