Amine‐Rich Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanodots as a Platform for Self‐Enhancing Electrochemiluminescence

Abstract

Amine-rich nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (NCNDs) have been successfully used as co-reactant in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) processes. Primary or tertiary amino groups on NCNDs have been studied as co-reactant sites for Ru(bpy) ECL, showing their eligibility as powerful alternatives to tripropylamine (TPrA). We also report the synthesis and ECL behavior of a new covalently linked hybrid of NCNDs and Ru(bpy) . Notably, the NCNDs in the hybrid act both as carrier for ECL labels and as co-reactant for ECL generation. As a result, the hybrid shows a higher ECL emission as compared to the combination of the individual components, suggesting the self-enhancing ECL of the ruthenium complex due to an intramolecular electron transfer process.

Customizing the Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanodots by Using Quinones in Bottom‐Up Synthesis

“…[50] In particular,a mong the variety of amine derivatives investigated (aromatic,a liphatic,p rimary,s econdary, and tertiary), the CV of CND 1 displays ac lose similarity to the CV of phenethylamine and benzylamine. [50] In particular,a mong the variety of amine derivatives investigated (aromatic,a liphatic,p rimary,s econdary, and tertiary), the CV of CND 1 displays ac lose similarity to the CV of phenethylamine and benzylamine.…”

“…[51] Thea mount of primary (and secondary) amines on the CND surface was evaluated by the Kaiser test. [50,[52][53][54][55][56] Thes tructure and composition of the CNDs were determined by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In any case,a ll the CNDs prepared with quinones,s howed fewer amino groups when compared with the reference CND 1 (1350 mmol g À1 ), [24] suggesting that the reaction between amines and quinones has occurred during the synthesis.These primary amines could be exploited, in the future,for post-functionalization and (non)covalent binding of catalysts or photosensitizers,s ince the hybrids could yield better performances.…”

Exploring Tetrathiafulvalene–Carbon Nanodot Conjugates in Charge Transfer Reactions

“…[12] Anumber of "green" routes have also been explored to prepare CNDs in as ingle step from affordable starting materials and without needing elaborated experimental set-ups. [14][15][16] Their use has resulted in CNDs,w hich feature emission efficiencies almost as high as fluorescent dyes, [1,17,18] despite the lack of ac omplete understanding of its origin and/or nature. [14][15][16] Their use has resulted in CNDs,w hich feature emission efficiencies almost as high as fluorescent dyes, [1,17,18] despite the lack of ac omplete understanding of its origin and/or nature.…”

Imaging Analysis Based on Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence

“…In another interesting work, a new covalently linked hybrid of amine-rich nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (NCNDs) and Ru(bpy) 3 2? was reported [52]. The primary or tertiary amino groups on NCNDs were regarded as co-reactant species for Ru(bpy) 3 2?…”