Amino acid and glucose fermentation by Treponema denticola

Hespell, Robert B.; Canale-Parola, E.

doi:10.1007/bf00424897

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In terms of reported functional classifications, members of the BDD treponeme cluster such as human T. denticola and T. vincentii were previously reported to be asaccharolytic (18). Interestingly, T. denticola can degrade glucose using the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (maybe making it not truly "asaccharolytic"); however, it was previously reported to use this only as a minor energy source, preferentially fermenting amino acids (16). In contrast, many of the oral and rumen treponemes from the lower cluster were reported to be saccharolytic, with many being named after their sugar-fermenting activities (Fig.…”

Section: Vol 77 2011 Characterization Of Novel Bovine Gi Tract Trepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Novel Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract Treponema Isolates and Comparison with Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponemes

Evans

Brown

Murray

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

140

122

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This study aimed to isolate and characterize treponemes present in the bovine gastrointestinal (GI) tract and compare them with bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) treponemes. Seven spirochete isolates were obtained from the bovine GI tract, which, on the basis of 16S rRNA gene comparisons, clustered within the genus Treponema as four novel phylotypes. One phylotype was isolated from several different GI tract regions, including the omasum, colon, rumen, and rectum. These four phylotypes could be divided into two phylotype pairs that clustered closest with each other and then with different, previously reported rumen treponemes. The treponemes displayed great genotypic and phenotypic diversity between phylotypes and differed considerably from named treponeme species and those recently reported by metagenomic studies of the bovine GI tract. Phylogenetic inference, based on comparisons of 16S rRNA sequences from only bovine treponemes, suggested a marked divergence between two important groups. The dendrogram formed two major clusters, with one cluster containing GI tract treponemes and the other containing BDD treponemes. This division among the bovine treponemes is likely the result of adaptation to different niches. To further differentiate the bovine GI and BDD strains, we designed a degenerate PCR for a gene encoding a putative virulence factor, tlyC, which gave a positive reaction only for treponemes from the BDD cluster.Treponema species are typically anaerobic, fastidious, highly motile, spiral microorganisms and may be found in the oral cavity, digestive tract, and genital areas of humans, animals, and insects (20, 32). Several treponeme taxa are associated with disease, such as the human syphilis infectious agent Treponema pallidum (30), various Treponema species associated with human periodontal infections (10), and several treponeme phylotypes involved in bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) (4). In contrast, several treponemes have been reported to be commensal, living as symbionts in the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of animals and insects. The spirochetes Treponema bryantii and Treponema saccharophilum have been isolated from the rumen of cows (26,36), and another three novel treponeme taxa have been isolated from GI material of pigs (6, 23). In insects, Treponema azotonutricium and Treponema primitia were isolated from the guts of termites (15).The relative paucity of data regarding treponemes and their locations in animal tissues is primarily the result of difficulties associated with their isolation, cultivation, and purification. More frequently, molecular techniques such as 16S rRNA gene clone libraries have been used to identify treponemes within animal samples but without subsequent culture. While no targeted studies of bovine GI tract treponeme 16S rRNA genes have been reported, several global bacterial studies showed that there are several phylotypes of treponemes in the bovine GI tract (11,29,38,44). Although only two bovine GI tract treponemes have been proposed as novel taxa (26, 36), considerable...

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Section: Vol 77 2011 Characterization Of Novel Bovine Gi Tract Trepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Novel Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract Treponema Isolates and Comparison with Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponemes

Evans

Brown

Murray

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

140

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…denticola is able to ferment amino acids, such as arginine (Blakemore and Canale-Parola 1976), glycine, alanine, cysteine, and serine (Hespell and Canale-Parola 1971). Many proteolytic clostridia and other gram-positive bacteria can either utilize glycine as the sole energy and carbon source or ferment this amino acid via a Stickland reaction, in which its reduction is coupled to the oxidation of another amino acid serving as the hydrogen donor (Seto 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium-dependent growth of Treponema denticola : evidence for a clostridial-type glycine reductase

Rother

Böck

Wyss

2001

Archives of Microbiology

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Assessment of the nutritional requirements of Treponema denticola disclosed a strict growth dependence on selenium. In vivo labeling of cells of this organism with (75)Se and electrophoretic analysis revealed three labeled bands, two of which were selenoproteins correlating in size with subunits A and B of glycine reductase. Antibodies directed against glycine- or betaine-reductase subunits of Eubacterium acidaminophilum specifically also reacted with proteins from cell lysates of T. denticola. Moreover, ORFs within the T. denticola genome sequence were found whose products display high sequence similarity to glycine-reductase subunits. These findings strongly support the notion that T. denticola ferments amino acids via the activity of glycine reductase, an enzyme previously thought to be restricted to gram-positive bacteria.

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“…denticola is a motile, fastidious, and obligate anaerobic bacterium that dwells in a complex and diverse microbial community within the oral cavity (29,64). In order to survive in this highly specialized milieu and cause diseases, T. denticola has to acquire essential nutrients, overcome the competition with other bacterial species, and protect against the constant pressure of host defenses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to survive in this highly specialized milieu and cause diseases, T. denticola has to acquire essential nutrients, overcome the competition with other bacterial species, and protect against the constant pressure of host defenses. Previous studies have focused on its genetics and pathogenesis, and very few studies have investigated the metabolism of T. denticola (4,7,12,22,29,31,35,63). As an obligate bacterium, T. denticola needs exogenous fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamins to grow (4,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have focused on its genetics and pathogenesis, and very few studies have investigated the metabolism of T. denticola (4,7,12,22,29,31,35,63). As an obligate bacterium, T. denticola needs exogenous fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamins to grow (4,29). Among these nutrients, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), an active form of thiamine, is an essential cofactor of several important enzymes in carbohydrate and branched-chain amino acid metabolism, and it is needed by all living organisms (2,18,36,62).…”

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The Riboswitch Regulates a Thiamine Pyrophosphate ABC Transporter of the Oral Spirochete Treponema denticola

Bian

Shen

et al. 2011

J Bacteriol

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Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), a biologically active form of thiamine (vitamin B 1 ), is an essential cofactor in all living systems. Microorganisms either synthesize TPP via de novo biosynthesis pathways or uptake exogenous thiamine from the environment via specific transporters. The oral spirochete Treponema denticola is an important pathogen that is associated with human periodontal diseases. It lacks a de novo TPP biosynthesis pathway and needs exogenous TPP for growth, suggesting that it may obtain exogenous TPP via a thiamine transporter. In this study, we identified a gene cluster that encodes a TPP ABC transporter which consists of a TPP-binding protein (TDE0143), a transmembrane permease (TDE0144), and a cytosolic ATPase (TDE0145). Transcriptional and translational analyses showed that the genes encoding these three proteins are cotranscribed and form an operon (tbpABC Td ) that is initiated by a 70 -like promoter. The expression level of this operon is negatively regulated by exogenous TPP and is mediated by a TPP-sensing riboswitch (Td thi-box ). Genetic and biochemical studies revealed that the TDE0143 deletion mutant (T. denticola ⌬tbpA) had a decreased ability to transport exogenous TPP, and the mutant failed to grow when exogenous TPP was insufficient. These results taken together indicate that the tbpABC Td operon encodes an ABC transporter that is required for the uptake of exogenous TPP and that the expression of this operon is regulated by a TPP-binding riboswitch via a feedback inhibition mechanism.

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Amino acid and glucose fermentation by Treponema denticola

Cited by 43 publications

References 27 publications

Characterization of Novel Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract Treponema Isolates and Comparison with Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponemes

Characterization of Novel Bovine Gastrointestinal Tract Treponema Isolates and Comparison with Bovine Digital Dermatitis Treponemes

Selenium-dependent growth of Treponema denticola : evidence for a clostridial-type glycine reductase

The Riboswitch Regulates a Thiamine Pyrophosphate ABC Transporter of the Oral Spirochete Treponema denticola

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