Amino acids and low-molecular-weight carbohydrates of some marine red algae

Impellizzeri, Giuseppe; Mangiafico, Sebastiano; Oriente, Giovanna; Piattelli, Mario; Sciuto, Sebastiano; Fattorusso, Ernesto; Magno, Silvana; Santacroce, Ciro; Sica, Donato

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(75)85349-0

Cited by 153 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Extracts and structurally diverse compounds obtained from marine red algae have been shown to exhibit neurotoxic activity in rodents (Freitas & Marsiglio, 1986;Impellizzeri et al, 1975). In the present work, we extend these fi ndings by reporting that red marine algae G. marginata possess a neurotoxic polar fraction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The presence of glutamate in Liagora disjunta Lamouroux (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta), another amino acid which activates neurons in the central nervous system of mammals (Impellizzeri et al, 1975), was also determined. These neurotoxic substances activate glutamatergic receptors in several areas of the brain, regulating neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission (Bianchin et al, 2000;Kalda et al, 2000; and cause death in high concentration (Doucette et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurotoxins in the polar fraction of the seaweed Galaxaura marginata (Rhodophyta, Nemaliales)

Rozas¹,

Freitas²

2008

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO: "Neurotoxinas na fração polar da alga marinha Galaxaura marginata (Rhodophyta, Nemaliales)". A atividade neurotóxica das substâncias polares extraídas da alga vermelha Galaxaura marginata foi estudada por meio de ensaios farmacológicos, utilizando-se algas coletadas no canal de São Sebastião (45 o 25' W; 26 o 49' S), litoral norte do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Altas concentrações da fração polar (PF) e da PF fi ltrada em membrana de 1000 Da, injetadas intraperitonealmente em camundongos, foram letais. Induzindo os animais à ataxia, desorientação e severa atonia muscular prévias à morte. Sintomas similares foram descritos para camundongos e ratos testados com aminoácidos neuroexcitatórios (NEA), sugerindo que alguns dos componentes da PF atravessam a barreira Hematoencefálica, da mesma forma que os NEA. No entanto, a análise da PF no HPLC e no espectro de massa não mostraram a presença dos aminoácidos neuroexcitatórios conhecidos, ácido Caínico, acido Domóico e NMDA. Assim concluímos que G. marginata possui substâncias com atividade letal e neurotóxica, diferentes às antes, descritas. Unitermos: Galaxaura marginata, neurotóxico, neuroexcitatório, alga.ABSTRACT: Neurotoxic activity of polar substances extracted from the red seaweed Galaxaura marginata was investigated in pharmacological assays, using seaweed collected at São Sebastião channel (45 o 25' W; 26 o 49' S) in the northern coast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. High concentration of the polar fraction (PF) and PF fi ltered through a membrane (1000 Da) intraperitoneally (IP) injected in mice were lethal, inducing ataxia, disorientation, and severe muscle atonia prior to death. The same symptoms preceding death were described in mice and rat tested with neuroexcitatory amino acids (NEA), suggesting that some PF components cross the blood-brain barrier, the same as NEA. However, the HPLC and mass spectrometric analysis did not show the presence of the known neuroexcitatory amino acids, kainic acid, domoic acid and NMDA. We conclude that G. marginata possess substances with neurotoxic and lethal activities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotoxins in the polar fraction of the seaweed Galaxaura marginata (Rhodophyta, Nemaliales)

Rozas¹,

Freitas²

2008

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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“…Aqueous extracts of D. simplex were used as anthelmintics in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine for many centuries (Nitta et al 1958; Pei-Gen and Shan-Lin 1986), but the isolation and structural determination of KA as the vermicidal principle was first achieved by Takemoto in 1953 (Murakami et al 1953;Takemoto and Daigo 1958). KA has also been isolated from other species of Ceramiales red algae such as Alsidium helmithochorton (Calaf et al 1989), Caloglossa leprieurii (Pei-Gen and Shan-Lin 1986), Centroceras clavulatum (Impellizzeri et al 1975), and certain variety of non-Ceramiales red algae Palmaria palmata . Tank cultures of a naturally occurring "dwarf" mutant of P. palmata provided a source for isolation of KA and other excitatory amino acids such as D-homocysteic acid and glutamate .…”

Section: Natural Sources and Synthetic Analogs Of Kainoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Macieira‐Coelho¹

2005

Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology

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“…The available evidence on distribution-and abundance of benthic macrophytes known to produce domoic acid, such as Alsidium corallinum C. Ag. (29), Chondria armata (6,7), and its congener C . baileyana (Mont.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid, in toxic mussels from eastern Prince Edward Island

Wright¹,

Boyd²,

Freitas³

et al. 1989

Can. J. Chem.

387

156

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. 67,481 (1989).The causative agent of toxicity in cultured mussels from a localized area of eastern Prince Edward Island has been identified as domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid. The toxin was isolated by a number of different bioassay-directed separation techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography, high-voltage paper electrophoresis, and ion-exchange chromatography, and characterized by a number of spectroscopic techniques including ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The isolation and purification methods are described in detail and some new analytical data for domoic acid are reported. On a identifie l'agent qui est la cause de la toxicit6 des moules d7Clevage provenant d'une zone localisCe de la portion est de l'ile du prince Edouard; il s'agit de l'acide domoi'que, un acide amink neuro-excitant. On a is016 la toxine en faisant appel L un certain nombre de techniques de skparation basCes sur des essais biologiques parmi lesquelles on peut citer la chromatographie liquide B haute performance, 1'Clectrophorkse sur papier B voltage ClevC ainsi que la chromatographie d'Cchange ionique; on l'a caractCrisCe par un certain nombre de techniques spectroscopiques dont I'ultraviolette, l'infrarouge, la spectromCtrie de masse et la rtsonance magnCtique nuclkaire. On dCcrit en detail les mCthodes d'isolement et de purification et on prksente des donnCes analytiques nouvelles concernant I'acide domoi'que.Mots cle's : toxine des coquillages, acide domoi'que, neurotoxine, analyse baste sur des essais biologiques.[Traduit par la revue]

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Amino acids and low-molecular-weight carbohydrates of some marine red algae

Cited by 153 publications

References 29 publications

Neurotoxins in the polar fraction of the seaweed Galaxaura marginata (Rhodophyta, Nemaliales)

Neurotoxins in the polar fraction of the seaweed Galaxaura marginata (Rhodophyta, Nemaliales)

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Identification of domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid, in toxic mussels from eastern Prince Edward Island

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