Amino acids application enhances flowers insecticidal protein content in Bt cotton

Tambel, Leila I.M.; Zhou, Mingyuan; Yuan, Chen; Zhang, Xiang; Chen, Dehua

doi:10.1186/s42397-019-0023-4

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Valine is involved in the biosynthesis of glucosinolates which has a deterring effect on micro-organisms and herbivory [ 37 ]. A previous study showed that by exogenous application of amino acids on flowers of Bt cotton the concentration of Bt proteins could be increased [ 38 ], therefore, proposing that the concentration of Bt proteins could be increased with the upregulation of amino acids. GABA, a non-protein amino acid act as a signaling molecule in plants [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR-Based Metabolomics: A New Paradigm to Unravel Defense-Related Metabolites in Insect-Resistant Cotton Variety through Different Multivariate Data Analysis Approaches

et al. 2023

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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is an economically important crop and is widely cultivated around the globe. However, the major problem of cotton is its high vulnerability to biotic and abiotic stresses. It has been around three decades since the cotton plant was genetically engineered with genes encoding insecticidal proteins (mainly Cry proteins) with an aim to protect it against insect attack. Several studies have been reported on the impact of these genes on cotton production and fiber quality. However, the metabolites responsible for conferring resistance in genetically modified cotton need to be explored. The current work aims to unveil the key metabolites responsible for insect resistance in Bt cotton and also compare the conventional multivariate analysis methods with deep learning approaches to perform clustering analysis. We aim to unveil the marker compounds which are responsible for inducing insect resistance in cotton plants. For this purpose, we employed 1H-NMR spectroscopy to perform metabolite profiling of Bt and non-Bt cotton varieties, and a total of 42 different metabolites were identified in cotton plants. In cluster analysis, deep learning approaches (linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and neural networks) showed better separation among cotton varieties compared to conventional methods (principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLSDA)). The key metabolites responsible for inter-class separation were terpinolene, α-ketoglutaric acid, aspartic acid, stigmasterol, fructose, maltose, arabinose, xylulose, cinnamic acid, malic acid, valine, nonanoic acid, citrulline, and shikimic acid. The metabolites which regulated differently with the level of significance p < 0.001 amongst different cotton varieties belonged to the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), Shikimic acid, and phenylpropanoid pathways. Our analyses underscore a biosignature of metabolites that might involve in inducing insect resistance in Bt cotton. Moreover, novel evidence from our study could be used in the metabolic engineering of these biological pathways to improve the resilience of Bt cotton against insect/pest attacks. Lastly, our findings are also in complete support of employing deep machine learning algorithms as a useful tool in metabolomics studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR-Based Metabolomics: A New Paradigm to Unravel Defense-Related Metabolites in Insect-Resistant Cotton Variety through Different Multivariate Data Analysis Approaches

et al. 2023

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“…In terms of space, the expression of Bt protein in different organs and different growth stages of the same organ is different, and the overall expression is high in leaves and low in reproductive organs, especially regarding the lowest expression of Bt protein in cotton bolls in the boll period. Moreover, the most serious period of damage to cotton by bollworm is also in the boll stage [11,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Low Temperature on Insecticidal Protein Contents of Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) in the Boll Shell and Its Physiological Mechanism

Liu

et al. 2023

Plants

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Low temperature is the main factor for global natural disasters affecting the growth and distribution of plants, and cotton may be affected by low temperature and cold damage at all growth stages. In addition, the insecticidal resistance of cultivars has been reported to perform poorly or unstably due to adverse environments. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of low temperature on the levels of insecticidal protein in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton plants during the peak boll stage. To achieve this, two Bt cotton cultivars, Sikang1 (SK1) and Sikang3 (SK3), were subjected to different temperature regimes and durations. The findings of the study demonstrated that the expression of insecticidal protein in the boll shell of Bt transgenic cotton plants was significantly inhibited under low-temperature stress. Specifically, in 2020, compared to the CK (27 °C), the insecticidal protein content in the boll shell of SK3 decreased by 28.19% after a 48 h of a 16 °C temperature. These results suggest that low-temperature stress can negatively impact the expression of insecticidal protein in Bt transgenic cotton, highlighting the need for appropriate measures to minimize its adverse effects on cotton production. In addition, the threshold temperature that leads to a significant decrease in the content of insecticidal proteins symbolizes an upward trend as the duration of stress prolongs. Decreased Bt protein content at low temperatures is associated with changes in the N metabolism. The present study revealed a significant positive correlation between the levels of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activities, as well as in the soluble protein levels in the boll shell and the content of the Bt protein. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation was observed between the levels of free amino acids, peptidase, and protease activities, as well as of Bt protein content. These findings suggest that, in Bt cotton production, it is crucial to remain vigilant of prolonged low-temperature disasters, which last for over 12 h and drop below 17–20 °C during the peak boll stage. Such conditions may reduce insecticidal resistance, leading to substantial economic losses.

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Enhancing boll protein synthesis and carbohydrate conversion by the application of exogenous amino acids at the peak flowering stage increased the boll Bt toxin concentration and lint yield in cotton

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Tambel³

et al. 2023

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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Amino acids application enhances flowers insecticidal protein content in Bt cotton

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

NMR-Based Metabolomics: A New Paradigm to Unravel Defense-Related Metabolites in Insect-Resistant Cotton Variety through Different Multivariate Data Analysis Approaches

NMR-Based Metabolomics: A New Paradigm to Unravel Defense-Related Metabolites in Insect-Resistant Cotton Variety through Different Multivariate Data Analysis Approaches

Effect of Low Temperature on Insecticidal Protein Contents of Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) in the Boll Shell and Its Physiological Mechanism

Enhancing boll protein synthesis and carbohydrate conversion by the application of exogenous amino acids at the peak flowering stage increased the boll Bt toxin concentration and lint yield in cotton

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