Amiodarone and the Thyroid

Wiersinga, Wilmar M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60709-7_10

Cited by 39 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…Mixed or indeterminate forms of AIT encompassing several features of both types I and II AIT have also been observed. [10][11][12][13][14] Thyroid function disorders occur in 16% to 20% of AM-treated patients. The disorders may develop during the administration of the drug and even up to several months after its withdrawal.…”

Section: Sonography Radioiodine Uptake and Scintigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioiodine therapy in patients with type II amiodarone‑induced thyrotoxicosis

Czarnywojtek¹,

Warmuz-Stangierska²,

Woliński³

et al. 2014

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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Section: Sonography Radioiodine Uptake and Scintigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioiodine therapy in patients with type II amiodarone‑induced thyrotoxicosis

Czarnywojtek¹,

Warmuz-Stangierska²,

Woliński³

et al. 2014

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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“…Thyroid dysfunction is a frequent side-effect of amiodarone, occurring in approximately 15% of patients (111). Neither amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism nor thyrotoxicosis are autoimmune mediated, although both do occur more frequently in females with thyroid antibodies (112).…”

Section: Amiodaronementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neither amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism nor thyrotoxicosis are autoimmune mediated, although both do occur more frequently in females with thyroid antibodies (112). Whether amiodarone can induce autoimmunity is uncertain (111,113). An early report that amiodarone induced a transient presence of TPO antibodies (114), could not be confirmed by others (115,116).…”

Section: Amiodaronementioning

confidence: 99%

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

2004

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Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and it has been calculated that 80% of the susceptibility to develop Graves' disease is attributable to genes. The concordance rate for AITD among monozygotic twins is, however, well below 1 and environmental factors thus must play an important role. We have attempted to carry out a comprehensive review of all the environmental and hormonal risk factors thought to bring about AITD in genetically predisposed individuals. Low birth weight, iodine excess and deficiency, selenium deficiency, parity, oral contraceptive use, reproductive span, fetal microchimerism, stress, seasonal variation, allergy, smoking, radiation damage to the thyroid gland, viral and bacterial infections all play a role in the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders. The use of certain drugs (lithium, interferon-a, Campath-1H) also increases the risk of the development of autoimmunity against the thyroid gland. Further research is warranted into the importance of fetal microchimerism and of viral infections capable of mounting an endogenous interferon-a response.European Journal of Endocrinology 150 605-618

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“…Daha önce amiodaron ve tiroid fonksiyonları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran çalışmalarda amiodaronun tiroid hormon sentezinin her aşamasında etkili olduğu ayrıca tiroid bezinin üzerinde direkt sitotoksik ve otoimmün etkisinin olduğu gösterilmiştir [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Mevcut çalışmaların çoğu amiodaronun tiroid fonksiyonları üzerindeki orta ve uzun dönemdeki etkilerini incelemiş olup doz karşılaştırılması [12,13] yapılmamıştır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Short-Term effects of amiodarone on thyroid function on Aegean region population of Turkey: A prospective regional and observational study

Acet

Ertaş²

2014

J Clin Exp Invest

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Objective: We aimed to investigate short term effects of oral and infusion dosages of amiodarone on thyroid function. Methods:A hundred and fifty-five prospectively consecutive patients with a diagnosis of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias admitted to our clinic whom amiodarone were applied enrolled to our study. 134 patients received 16 mg/kg amiodarone iv infusion for 24 hours and oral 500±100 mg/day amiodarone as the maintenance dose for one month. 21 patients received only oral 500±100 mg/day amiodarone dose for one month. Follow up visit was performed in the first month of amiodarone therapy. Results:In this study 68% of patients were male and the average age of the patients was 62.8±13.5. The indications for amiodarone treatment were atrial fibrillation (41%), ventricular tachycardia (41%), and preoperative (5%), supraventricular tachycardia (5%), atrial flutter (5%), and ventricular fibrillation (3%). At the first month of follow up 83% of patients were in euthyroid state, 17% of the patients had amiodarone induced thyroid dysfunction (TD), 5% of patients had subclinical hyperthyroidism, 5% of patients had manifest hypothyroidism, 7% of patients had subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 1% of the patients developed overt hyperthyroidism. Conclusion:In this study we showed that amiodarone can cause adverse effects on thyroid function in a short time of period. For this reason patients should be followed in the first, third, sixth and twelfth months of amiodarone therapy and thyroid function should be evaluated. J Clin Exp Invest 2014; 5 (2): 280-285Key words: Amiodarone, thyroid dysfunction, prospective study ÖZET Amaç: Bu yazıda amiodaronun tiroid fonksiyonları üze-rindeki kısa dönem etkilerini, oral ve infüzyon dozlarınının tiroid fonksiyonları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amaç-lanmıştır.Yöntemler: Kliniğimize atrial ve ventriküler aritmilerle başvurup amiodaron başlama endikasyonu olan ardışık 155 ötroid hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların 134'üne 16 mg/kg dozunda 24 saat IV amiodaron infüzyonu takiben bir ay boyunca oral 500±100 mg/gün, geriye kalan 21 hastaya ise sadece oral 500±100 mg/gün amiodaron baş-landı. Hastalar tedavinin birinci ayında kontrole çağrıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan hastaların %68'i erkek olup hastaların ortalama yaşı. 62,8±13,5 idi. Amiodaron baş-lama endikayonu olan hastaların %41'i atrial fibrilasyon, % 41'i ventriküler taşikardi, %5'i preoperatif, %5'i supraventriküler taşikardi, %5'i atriyal flutter, %3'ü ventriküler fibrilasyondu. Birinci ay kontrolünde %83 hastada ötiroid durum, % 17 hastada ise amiodarona bağlı tiroid disfonksiyonu (TD) saptandı. TD saptanan hastaların %5'i subklinik hipotiroidi, %5'i aşikar hipotiroidi, %7'si subklinik hipertiroidi, %1'inde de aşikar hipertiroidi gelişmişti. Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmada amiodaronun kısa dönemde de tiroid fonksiyonları üzerinde olumsuz etki yapabileceğini gösterdik. Bu nedenle amiodaron tedavisi başlanan hastalar birinci ay, üçüncü ay, altıncı ay ve onikinci ay kontrole çağrılmalıdır. Böylece amiodaron tedavisi alması zoru...

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Amiodarone and the Thyroid

Cited by 39 publications

References 197 publications

Radioiodine therapy in patients with type II amiodarone‑induced thyrotoxicosis

Radioiodine therapy in patients with type II amiodarone‑induced thyrotoxicosis

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

Short-Term effects of amiodarone on thyroid function on Aegean region population of Turkey: A prospective regional and observational study

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