Amnesia Following Severe Head Injury

Sisler, George C.; Penner, H

doi:10.1177/070674377502000502

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The inclusion of these items is based on a distinction between “post-traumatic disorientation” and “post-traumatic amnesia”. Gronwall and Wrightson17 previously questioned the functional significance of post-traumatic disorientation and PTA. Their conclusion was supported by a low and non-significant correlation between “degree of disorientation and the duration of PTA” of r s =−0.01, which is in stark contrast to the statistically significant and high correlations in the present study, all in excess of 0.8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another early report comparing the return of orientation and memory is that of Sisler and Penner 17. They measured memory using the earliest valid post-trauma memory, an item which has received some criticism because “islands” of memory, which are followed by subsequent deterioration, may be mistaken as signalling the end of PTA.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Disorientation Versus Post-traumatic Amnesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resolution of disorientation and amnesia during post-traumatic amnesia

Tate

Pfaff²,

Jurjevic³

2000

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &Amp; Psychiatry

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Objectives-Despite the growing number of instruments for the prospective measurement of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) after traumatic brain injury, fundamental issues about the natural history of its resolution and methods of examination remain unresolved. The aims of the present study were to: (1) examine the sequence of resolution of disorientation and amnesia, and (2) determine if the method of measuring the memory component aVected the duration of PTA. Methods-The sample comprised 31 severely injured patients admitted to a brain injury rehabilitation unit who were examined daily until they emerged from PTA. They were administered a composite PTA scale, covering orientation and memory items from standard PTA scales. Patients were consecutively allocated to one of two groups according to the method of measuring the memory component. Each group was administered identical materials with a diVerent procedure. Results-The most common sequence for resolution of disorientation in both groups was person, followed by place, then time. Overall, amnesia resolved before disorientation in 94% of cases. Correlation coefficients between return of components of orientation and memory were all highly significant, ranging from r=0.81 to 0.93. Significant variability occurred in the number of days to emerge from PTA according to the scale used. There was evidence that the method of measuring memory influenced the patient's capacity to consistently sustain criterion scores on the scale. Conclusions-These results are contrary to findings in mildly injured patients, in whom orientation usually returns before memory. They also demonstrate that the duration of PTA will be dictated by the method used. These findings raise validity issues with respect to the prospective measurement of PTA, and in particular determining when an individual patient has emerged from PTA, which require further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-traumatic Disorientation Versus Post-traumatic Amnesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution of disorientation and amnesia during post-traumatic amnesia

Tate

Pfaff²,

Jurjevic³

2000

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &Amp; Psychiatry

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“…Duration of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) has also been demonstrated as a reliable index of severity of injury [17]. PTA is estimated by reference to the date of the first post-accident memory and can be reliably measured at any time after the injury by taking a careful history [18,19]. For the purposes of the current study, PTA was estimated retrospectively by asking the family member to judge how iong it took the patient to return fuli memory of daily events (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive appraisal accuracy moderates the relationship between injury severity and psychosocial outcomes in traumatic brain injury

Kervick

Kaemingk

2005

Brain Injury

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“…It often entails impairment of episodic memory with sparing of semantic memory (e.g., Goldstein, Levin, & Boake, 1989;Levin et al, 1985;Lucchelli, Muggia, & Spinnler, 1995;Tulving et al, 1991;Van der Linden et al, 1996;Wood et al, 1982). When it occurs following a closed head injury (as was the case for W.J), retrograde amnesia has the additional feature of often being temporary, resolving in the days or weeks following the injury (e.g., Blomert & Sisler, 1974;Russell, 1971;Sisler & Penner, 1975;Whitty & Zangwill, 1977).…”

Section: Patients Suffering Varying Degrees Of Episodic Amnesiamentioning

confidence: 97%

The unanticipated resilience of trait self-knowledge in the face of neural damage

Klein

Lax

2010

Memory

153

135

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This paper explores the question of what the self is by reviewing research conducted with both normal and neuropsychological participants. Findings converge on the idea that the self may be more complex and differentiated than some previous treatments of the topic have suggested. Although some aspects of self-knowledge such as episodic recollection may be compromised in individuals, other aspects-for instance, semantic trait summaries-appear largely intact. Taken together, these findings support the idea that the self is not a single, unified entity. Rather, it is a set of interrelated, functionally independent systems. In the process of reviewing neuropsychological findings, an unexpected result emerges: trait self-knowledge appears unusually robust with respect to neural and cognitive damage that render other aspects of self-knowledge dysfunctional in varying degrees.

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Amnesia Following Severe Head Injury

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Resolution of disorientation and amnesia during post-traumatic amnesia

Resolution of disorientation and amnesia during post-traumatic amnesia

Cognitive appraisal accuracy moderates the relationship between injury severity and psychosocial outcomes in traumatic brain injury

The unanticipated resilience of trait self-knowledge in the face of neural damage

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