<i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> variability in the surface waters of the eastern Gulf of Cádiz (SW Iberian Peninsula)

Abstract

Abstract. Spatio-temporal variations in the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) were studied during eight oceanographic cruises conducted between March 2014 and February 2016 in surface waters of the eastern shelf of the Gulf of Cádiz (SW Iberian Peninsula) between the Guadalquivir river and Cape Trafalgar. pCO2 presents a range of variation between 320.6 and 513.6 µatm with highest values during summer and autumn and lowest during spring and winter. For the whole study, pCO2 shows a linear dependence with temperature, and spatially there is a general decrease from coastal to offshore stations associated with continental inputs and an increase in the zones deeper than 400 m related to the influence of the eastward branch of the Azores Current. The study area acts as a source of CO2 to the atmosphere during summer and autumn and as a sink in spring and winter with a mean value for the study period of -0.18±1.32 mmol m−2 d−1. In the Guadalquivir and Sancti Petri transects, the CO2 fluxes decrease towards offshore, whereas in the Trafalgar transect fluxes increase due to the presence of an upwelling. The annual uptake capacity of CO2 in the Gulf of Cádiz is 4.1 Gg C yr−1.

Contrasting projections of the ENSO-driven CO2flux variability in the equatorial Pacific under high-warming scenario

“…This decomposition is well known and extensively used at regional and global scale (e.g. Landschützer et al, 2018;Jiménez-López et al, 2019;Ko et al, 2021).…”

Factores que determinan la variabilidad del flujo de CO2 oceáno-atmósfera en 5 zonas costeras del golfo de California

“…Recent studies have focused on the role coastal zones play in the CO 2 flux ocean-atmosphere (fCO 2 ), given how scarce information is for these zones (Laruelle et al 2014, Jiménez-López et al 2019. Coastal zones play a considerable role in the global carbon cycle due to high primary production and coastal processes such as upwelling (Gattuso et al 1998).…”

“…Estudios recientes se han centrado en el papel que juegan las zonas costeras en el flujo de CO 2 océano-atmósfera (fCO 2 ), puesto que la información para estas zonas es escasa (Laruelle et al 2014, Jiménez-López et al 2019. Las zonas costeras juegan un rol considerable en el ciclo de carbono global debido a la producción primaria alta y los procesos costeros como las surgencias (Gattuso et al 1998).…”

The Variability of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (pCO2) in a River-Influenced Coastal Upwelling System: A Case of the Northeast Pacific Coast

“…The strong physical-biogeochemical interactions result in large spatial and temporal variations of sea surface pCO 2 in coastal oceans, making it challenging to quantify carbon fluxes in coastal environments. Estimates based on available data showed that the coastal ocean could either act as a sink (DeGrandpre et al, 2002;Hales et al, 2005;Borges et al, 2006;Chen and Borges, 2009;Hales et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2013;Turi et al, 2014;Evans et al, 2019;Jiménez-López et al, 2019) or source (Friederich et al, 2002;Borges et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2005;Xue et al, 2012;Robbins et al, 2018;Li et al, 2020) for atmospheric CO 2 depending on the dominant controlling mechanism of sea surface pCO 2 in a specific system.…”