“…These instrument-based techniques offer high sensitivity and accuracy and low detection limit but they are expensive and require time-consuming sample pre-treatment steps and trained operators, which limit their wide applications. Moreover, direct electrochemical methods have been employed for determination of BPA due to their specific properties such as simplicity, fast response, high dynamic range, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and low [20,21]. But, they are suffering from fouling of electrode surface by BPA oxidation product which leads to the limitation for applicability of this technique.…”