Amycolatopsis regifaucium sp. nov., a novel actinomycete that produces kigamicins

Abstract

The taxonomic position of seven soil actinomycetes provisionally assigned to the genus Amycolatopsis was established in a polyphasic study. The isolates, which had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, had closest similarity to the type strain of Amycolatopsis orientalis. A representative isolate, strain GY080T, had chemotaxonomic properties that were typical of the genus Amycolatopsis and could be distinguished from the type strain of A. orientalis using DNA–DNA relatedness data. All of the isolates shared a phenotypic profile that distinguished them from representatives of phylogenetically closely related species. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis showed that the isolates formed a homogeneous group that was distinctly separate from single-membered groups consisting of representative Amycolatopsis type strains, including that of A. orientalis. Based on the combined genotypic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the seven isolates be classified as representatives of a novel species for which the name Amycolatopsis regifaucium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GY080T (=DSM 45072T =NCIMB 14277T).

A guide to successful bioprospecting: informed by actinobacterial systematics

“…These results provide further evidence that marine-derived actinomycetes are an important source of new secondary metabolites (Magarvey et al 2004;Fiedler et al 2005;Fenical and Jensen 2006;Lam 2006;Bull and Stach 2007;Williams 2008;Olano et al 2009a, b). Our results help underpin the re-emerging concept that taxonomic diversity can be used as a surrogate for chemical diversity amongst actinomycetes, especially at the species level Goodfellow et al 2007;Tan et al 2007). The strongest evidence for this concept comes from extensive studies on the genus Salinispora, a taxon which encompasses two valided described species, Salinispora arenicola and S. tropica (Maldonado et al 2005b) and the presumptive new species, 'Salinispora pacifica' (Fenical and Jensen 2006).…”

“…These islands are sites within which niche specific genes, including the biosynthetic genes linked to Salinispora speciesspecific secondary metabolite production, are located and ecological adaptation between the three closely related Salinispora species resolved. The speciesspecificity of Salinispora biosynthetic pathways ) strongly supports the view that secondary metabolites can provide valuable taxonomic information, as inferred from studies on Amycolatopis regifaucium (Tan et al 2007), Streptomyces clavuligerus ) and the Streptomyces violaceusniger 16S rRNA gene clade ).…”

Proximicin A, B and C, Novel Aminofuran Antibiotic and Anticancer Compounds Isolated from Marine Strains of the Actinomycete Verrucosispora†

“…Strain AB-18-032 was isolated from sediment collected from the Sea of Japan at a depth of 289 meters as described previously [4]. The strains were examined for genotypic and phenotypic properties known to be of value in actinobacterial systematics [7].…”

Genus-specific primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene for PCR detection of members of the genus Verrucosispora

“…Such culture-independent studies provide an incentive for formulating media designed to isolate representatives of poorly studied genera of filamentous actinomycetes known to be a potentially rich source of novel antibiotics, as exemplified by studies on the genera Amycolatopsis (Tan et al 2006(Tan et al , 2007Okoro et al 2009) and Dactylosporangium (Kim et al 2010a, b). There is a pressing need to gain an understanding of the taxonomic diversity encompassed by the genus Verrucosispora as members of this taxon are a source of novel antibiotics Schneider et al 2008).…”