An accurate interactive segmentation and volume calculation of orbital soft tissue for orbital reconstruction after enucleation

Abstract

Background: Accurate measurement and reconstruction of orbital soft tissue is important to diagnosis and treatment of orbital diseases. This study applied an interactive graph cut method to orbital soft tissue precise segmentation and calculation in computerized tomography (CT) images, and to estimate its application in orbital reconstruction. Methods: The interactive graph cut method was introduced to segment extraocular muscle and intraorbital fat in CT images. Intra-and inter-observer variability of tissue volume measured by graph cut segmentation was validated. Accuracy and reliability of the method was accessed by comparing with manual delineation and commercial medical image software. Intraorbital structure of 10 patients after enucleation surgery was reconstructed based on graph cut segmentation and soft tissue volume were compared within two different surgical techniques. Results: Both muscle and fat tissue segmentation results of graph cut method showed good consistency with ground truth in phantom data. There were no significant differences in muscle calculations between observers or segmental methods (p > 0.05). Graph cut results of fat tissue had coincidental variable trend with ground truth which could identify 0.1cm 3 variation. The mean performance time of graph cut segmentation was significantly shorter than manual delineation and commercial software (p < 0.001). Jaccard similarity and Dice coefficient of graph cut method were 0.767 ± 0.045 and 0.836 ± 0.032 for human normal extraocular muscle segmentation. The measurements of fat tissue were significantly better in graph cut than those in commercial software (p < 0.05). Orbital soft tissue volume was decreased in post-enucleation orbit than that in normal orbit (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The graph cut method was validated to have good accuracy, reliability and efficiency in orbit soft tissue segmentation. It could discern minor volume changes of soft tissue. The interactive segmenting technique would be a valuable tool for dynamic analysis and prediction of therapeutic effect and orbital reconstruction.

3D morphological classification of the nasolacrimal duct: Anatomical study for planning treatment of tear drainage obstruction

“…Three dimensional images are increasingly used for anatomical studies in the biological sciences, and precise segmentation is important for accurate three‐dimensional reconstruction (Ning et al, 2019). Automatic segmentation can effectively reduce processing time, but the densities of the internal organs, measured by Hounsfield unit (HU) values, are less accurate because the HU values of fat and muscle are similar (Xiberta, Boada, Bardera, & Font‐i‐Furnols, 2017).…”

Orbital Volume and Axial Length Development in Individuals Ages 12 to 60 Years With Congenital Microphthalmia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Only axis length was not correlated with orbital volume in our study and other research 28 . Consequently, the eyeball (whether affected or unaffected) and the orbital tissue should be considered as a pressure complex, which together stimulate the development of the orbit 29–33 . Especially in the affected eye, 53.4% of the affected axial length might result in 82.1% of the affected orbital volume under the synergistic effect of the orbital tissue.…”

“…28 Consequently, the eyeball (whether affected or unaffected) and the orbital tissue should be considered as a pressure complex, which together stimulate the development of the orbit. [29][30][31][32][33] Especially in the affected eye, 53.4% of the affected axial length might result in 82.1% of the affected orbital volume under the synergistic effect of the orbital tissue. In previous research, although the eyeball-orbital tissue complex stimulated orbital volume development, the affected orbital volume only reached 71.3% to 81.2% of the unaffected eye.…”

Reliability of 3 Strategies of Orbital Tumor Volume Measurement Using Phantom Modeling

“…9 Moreover, most existing soft tissue measurement strategies employ CT, not higher resolution MRI. 5,10,11…”

“…9 Moreover, most existing soft tissue measurement strategies employ CT, not higher resolution MRI. 5,10,11 In order to test volume measurements against true lesional size, phantom models have been created using butter, chicken, pork, or agarose gel to replicate the appearance and density of orbital fat and the extraocular muscles. 2,5,10 The phantoms, which are challenging to create, have been molded into tubes or squares that do not replicate the orbit, or have been placed within human skulls which are a limited resource.…”