An accurate voltage solution method for radial distribution systems

Planning-oriented yearly simulation of energy storage operation in distribution system for profit maximization, voltage regulation and reserve provisioning

“…From [3], we know that, even at high levels of penetration of photovoltaic generators, voltage limit violations are infrequent events. To further this claim in the presence of storage devices, we execute simulations on the 69-bus medium-voltage network used in [8] for various levels of photovoltaic and storage penetration (defined as the ratio between the maximal apparent power of PV and storage connected at a given node and its annual maximal load) and compute the numbers of semi-critical and critical time steps.…”

“…Paper No 1243 complete problem in a linear multi-stage master problem of scheduling active powers defined by (1) to (8), for which we further reduce the number of variables by aggregating the storage units with the same efficiency and discharge duration, and a single-stage non-linear nonconvex problem defined by (9) to (16) to which we add the objective of minimizing the quadratic deviation from the master problem results. We then recombine both results to find a solution respecting the constraints while being close enough to the objective function optimal value (an upper bound on the loss of optimality induced can be evaluated, as the results of the master problem give us a lower bound on the cost function).…”

“…We apply this methodology to a case study consisting in the 69-bus network mentioned above, with residentialtype loads connected at each node and scaled so that the annual maximal load is equal to the loads used in [8].…”

“…Reactive loads are defined, so that the power factor remains constant and equal to the one used in [8]. We study the impact of the deployment of PV generators and storage units by making the number of nodes equipped (N) and the level of penetration, as defined above, (L) vary.…”

Graph‐theoretic based approach for the load‐flow solution of three‐phase distribution network in the presence of distributed generations

“…As discussed above, conventional LF methods (NR and fast decoupled LF method) generally fail to provide the LF solution of distribution systems. Therefore, power system researchers have suitably modified the conventional LF techniques for its applicability to the distribution network [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, these algorithms are found to be computationally burdensome.…”