An active lifestyle induces positive antioxidant enzyme modulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of overweight/obese postmenopausal women

Farinha, Juliano Boufleur; Carvalho, Nélson Rodrigues de; Steckling, Flávia Mariel; Vargas, Liziane da Silva de; Courtes, Aline Alves; Stefanello, Sílvio Terra; Martins, Cibele Chalita; Bresciani, Guilherme; Santos, Daniela Lopes dos; Soares, Félix Alexandre Antunes

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.022

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This can be clearly demosntratedby the increase in the aerobic capacity, verified by VO 2 max increases up to 6 %, which corroborated previous data [8]. Therefore, it seems reasonable to affirm that HIIT protocol is an effective protocol to improve the VO 2 max, such as a moderate-intensity program [16]. Detraining decreased the VO 2 max in almost 4 %, similar to previous literature results [17].…”

Section: Discussion ▼supporting

confidence: 90%

High Intensity Interval Training Reduces the Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokine on Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Steckling

Farinha

Santos

et al. 2016

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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This study investigate the effects of a high intensity interval training (HIIT) and 2 weeks of detraining in functional and body composition parameters, lipoproteins, glucose metabolismand inflammation markers in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MS). 17 untrained women with MS underwent a HIIT program for 12 weeks. The training was performed in treadmills, 3 days per week, with intensity ranging from 70-90% of the maximum heart rate (HR) and 2 weeks untrained (inactive). Functional and body composition parameters were evaluated before and after the training, while maximal oxygen uptake, lipoprotein and inflammation markers were analyzed before, after training and also in detraining. The HITT program resulted in changesparameters as glucose, HbA1cand NOx after training. In addition, a reduction in pro-inflammatory interleukins and an increase in IL-10 after the HIIT program were found. However, an increase in plasma levels of lipoprotein was found and body composition parameters remain unaltered.Besides, only 2 weeks of detraining are able to revert the effects on inflammatory parameters afforded by the HIIT program. The HIIT program used here positively affected inflammatory profile and other parameters, as glucose, HbA1cand NOx, on postmenopausal women with MS. Moreover, 2 weeks of detraining can reverse the beneficial effects of HIIT program. Our results point out the necessity to aply acontinuous HITT program, in order maintain the benefits detected, to post menopausal women with MS.

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Section: Discussion ▼supporting

confidence: 90%

High Intensity Interval Training Reduces the Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokine on Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Steckling

Farinha

Santos

et al. 2016

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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“…However, CMV reactivation might be even more frequent in obesity, because excess adiposity drives chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (Aroor and DeMarco 2014 ; Cervellati et al 2014 ; de Heredia et al 2012 ; Kanneganti and Dixit 2012 ; Le Lay and Simard 2014 ), which in turn can reactivate CMV directly (Cinatl et al 1999 ; Docke et al 1994 ; Jaganjac et al 2010 ; Prosch et al 1995 ; Speir 2000 ; Stein et al 1993 ; Vossen et al 1997 ). Thus, considering exercise decreases visceral and subcutaneous adiposity even in the absence of “weight loss” (Ross and Janiszewski 2008 ; Tchernof and Despres 2013 ), and exercise is a potent anti-inflammatory stimulus that helps maintain redox balance even in obesity (Farinha et al 2015 ; Gleeson et al 2011 ; Ji et al 2006 ; Radak et al 2008 ), then exercise might reduce viral reactivation in lean, overweight and obese individuals through these mechanisms, limiting the accumulation of late-stage differentiated CMV-specific T cells.…”

Section: Could Exercise Limit the Expansion Of Late-stage Differentiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime “dose” of exercise?

Turner

2016

Biogerontology

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The age-associated decline in immune function, referred to as immunosenescence, is well characterised within the adaptive immune system, and in particular, among T cells. Hallmarks of immunosenescence measured in the T cell pool, include low numbers and proportions of naïve cells, high numbers and proportions of late-stage differentiated effector memory cells, poor proliferative responses to mitogens, and a CD4:CD8 ratio <1.0. These changes are largely driven by infection with Cytomegalovirus, which has been directly linked with increased inflammatory activity, poor responses to vaccination, frailty, accelerated cognitive decline, and early mortality. It has been suggested however, that exercise might exert an anti-immunosenescence effect, perhaps delaying the onset of immunological ageing or even rejuvenating aged immune profiles. This theory has been developed on the basis of evidence that exercise is a powerful stimulus of immune function. For example, in vivo antibody responses to novel antigens can be improved with just minutes of exercise undertaken at the time of vaccination. Further, lymphocyte immune-surveillance, whereby cells search tissues for antigens derived from viruses, bacteria, or malignant transformation, is thought to be facilitated by the transient lymphocytosis and subsequent lymphocytopenia induced by exercise bouts. Moreover, some forms of exercise are anti-inflammatory, and if repeated regularly over the lifespan, there is a lower morbidity and mortality from diseases with an immunological and inflammatory aetiology. The aim of this article is to discuss recent theories for how exercise might influence T cell immunosenescence, exploring themes in the context of hotly debated issues in immunology.

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“…Exercise has generally been found to increase antioxidant enzyme capacity while decreasing lipid peroxidation and DNA damage markers in healthy populations of men and women. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] However, not all studies showed consistency across biomarkers, 40 42 45 46 52 and some studies have shown no effect of exercise on oxidative stress or antioxidant capacity. 53 54 In these findings, study designs and populations are heterogeneous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exercise on markers of oxidative stress: an Ancillary analysis of the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial

Friedenreich

Pialoux

Wang

et al. 2016

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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BackgroundOxidative stress may contribute to cancer aetiology through several mechanisms involving damage to DNA, proteins and lipids leading to genetic mutations and genomic instability. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzymes in postmenopausal women.MethodsThe Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (ALPHA) was a two-centre, two-armed randomised trial of 320 inactive, healthy, postmenopausal women aged 50–74 years. Participants were randomly assigned to a year-long exercise intervention (225 min/week) or a control group while being asked to maintain a normal diet. Fasting blood samples were obtained and plasma concentrations of two oxidative damage markers (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-Iso-PGF2α)) and two antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were measured at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol analyses were performed using linear mixed models adjusted for baseline biomarker concentrations. A further exercise adherence analysis, based on mean minutes of exercise per week, was also performed.ResultsIn the ITT and per-protocol analyses, the exercise intervention did not have any statistically significant effect on either oxidative damage biomarkers or antioxidant enzyme activity.ConclusionsA year-long aerobic exercise intervention did not have a significant impact on oxidative stress in healthy, postmenopausal women.Trial registration numberNCT00522262.

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An active lifestyle induces positive antioxidant enzyme modulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of overweight/obese postmenopausal women

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

High Intensity Interval Training Reduces the Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokine on Women with Metabolic Syndrome

High Intensity Interval Training Reduces the Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokine on Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime “dose” of exercise?

Effects of exercise on markers of oxidative stress: an Ancillary analysis of the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial

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