An alternative approach to selective sea water oxidation for hydrogen production

Balaji, Ramachandran; Balasingam, Suresh Kannan; Lakshmi, Jothinathan; Senthil, Natarajan; Vasudevan, Subramanyan; Sozhan, Ganapathy; Shukla, Ashok; Ravichandran, S.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2009.06.022

Cited by 70 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…+1.28 V and O 2 /H 2 O = +0.83 V versus SHE, pH = 7). There have been some reports that the CPR on metal anodes is effectively suppressed by the use of cation-exchange membranes or entirely coating the anode with MnO x as Cl − -impermeable layers ( El-Moneim et al., 2009 ; Vos et al., 2018 ; Balaji et al., 2009 ), and by buffered conditions to maintain an alkaline pH ( Dionigi et al., 2016 ). However, it is more difficult to suppress the CPR in unbuffered NaCl solution because the anode is subjected to partially acidic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions of MnOx in NaCl Aqueous Solution for Artificial Photosynthesis

2020

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Summary Photoelectrochemical water splitting has been intensively investigated as artificial photosynthesis technology to convert solar energy into chemical energy. The use of seawater and salted water has advantages for minimum environmental burden; however, the oxidation of Cl − ion to hypochlorous acid (HClO), which has toxicity and heavy corrosiveness, should occur at the anode, along with the oxygen evolution. Here, O 2 and HClO production in aqueous solution containing Cl − on photoanodes modified with various metal oxides was investigated. The modification of MnO x resulted in the promotion of the O 2 evolution reaction (OER) specifically without HClO production over a wide range of conditions. The results will contribute not only to the practical application of artificial photosynthesis using salted water but also to the elucidation of substantial function of manganese as the element for OER center in natural photosynthesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions of MnOx in NaCl Aqueous Solution for Artificial Photosynthesis

2020

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“…This change in the chlorine main species may decrease the zinc redissolution rate as this phenomenon seems to be caused only by the chlorine gas present in the solution since is a stronger oxidant. In addition, the enhancement of the OER over the CER due to both the higher hydroxyl concentration and the change in the Z potential of the anode to less anodic values, may be another detrimental factor for the chlorine generation responsible for the zinc redissolution phenomenon [21,27]. Finally, it is worth to note that increasing the pH value from 3 to 5 in the synthetic solutions does not improve the obtained results.…”

Section: 2-effect Of Controlling the Ph Under Potentiostatic Operatmentioning

confidence: 89%

pH effect on zinc recovery from the spent pickling baths of hot dip galvanizing industries

Carrillo-Abad

García-Gabaldón

Pérez-Herranz

2017

Separation and Purification Technology

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In this work, the pH effect on the zinc electrowinning present in the spent pickling baths (SPBs) is analysed with the aim of decreasing the energetic cost of the process. Specifically, the effect of increasing the initial pH with and without its control during the whole electrolysis experiment is studied on synthetic solutions with concentration values similar to those present in the spent pickling baths. Finally, real SPBs are treated under pH control and the results obtained are also compared with those acquired with the direct electrolysis of these SPBs in a membrane reactor. The modification of the initial pH on synthetic solutions shows an increase in zinc deposition rate as the initial pH is risen. However, the zinc redissolution phenomenon is present during the whole experiment. On the other hand, when the pH is controlled, the results obtained are much better as zinc redissolution is prevented and the hydrogen evolution reaction rate is decreased. Comparing the behaviour between the reactor under pH control and that in the presence of an anion-exchange membrane, reflects zinc conversion values slightly higher for the membrane reactor due to the zinc precipitation occurring in the reactor under pH control, which is higher as the pH rises. However, the specific energy consumption is considerably higher in the membrane reactor mainly due to the ohmic drop introduced by the membrane.

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“…An additional approach involves coating Cl − blocking layers next to the OER catalyst, which can prevent the diffusion of Cl − ions from the electrolyte to the surface of the OER catalyst. [ 87,89,91,92 ] A protective MnO x coating seems an effective method to mitigate the ClER. [ 93 ] Koper et al electrodeposited a thin film (≈5–20 nm) of MnO x on glassy‐carbon‐supported hydrous iridium oxide (IrO x /GC) in aqueous chloride‐containing acid solutions (pH: ≈0.9).…”

Section: The Oer For Pem Electrolyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, Ravichandran et al have demonstrated that the application of a cation‐selective layer (Nafion) can electrostatically repel Cl − from the electrode surface, thus enhancing the OER. [ 91,92 ]…”

Section: The Oer For Pem Electrolyzersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Electrocatalysis for Energy and Environmental Sustainability via Water and Nitrogen Reactions

et al. 2020

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Clean and efficient energy storage and conversion via sustainable water and nitrogen reactions have attracted substantial attention to address the energy and environmental issues due to the overwhelming use of fossil fuels. These electrochemical reactions are crucial for desirable clean energy technologies, including advanced water electrolyzers, hydrogen fuel cells, and ammonia electrosynthesis and utilization. Their sluggish reaction kinetics lead to inefficient energy conversion. Innovative electrocatalysis, i.e., catalysis at the interface between the electrode and electrolyte to facilitate charge transfer and mass transport, plays a vital role in boosting energy conversion efficiency and providing sufficient performance and durability for these energy technologies. Herein, a comprehensive review on recent progress, achievements, and remaining challenges for these electrocatalysis processes related to water (i.e., oxygen evolution reaction, OER, and oxygen reduction reaction, ORR) and nitrogen (i.e., nitrogen reduction reaction, NRR, for ammonia synthesis and ammonia oxidation reaction, AOR, for energy utilization) is provided. Catalysts, electrolytes, and interfaces between the two within electrodes for these electrocatalysis processes are discussed. The primary emphasis is device performance of OER‐related proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, ORR‐related PEM fuel cells, NRR‐driven ammonia electrosynthesis from water and nitrogen, and AOR‐related direct ammonia fuel cells.

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An alternative approach to selective sea water oxidation for hydrogen production

Cited by 70 publications

References 14 publications

Functions of MnOx in NaCl Aqueous Solution for Artificial Photosynthesis

Functions of MnOx in NaCl Aqueous Solution for Artificial Photosynthesis

pH effect on zinc recovery from the spent pickling baths of hot dip galvanizing industries

Advanced Electrocatalysis for Energy and Environmental Sustainability via Water and Nitrogen Reactions

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