An alternative method of gas boriding applied to the formation of borocarburized layer

Kulka, Michał; Makuch, Natalia; Pertek, A.; Piasecki, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2012.07.009

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Among other things, boriding is one such treatment where the surface of a steel substrate is enriched with boron, thus forming iron borides (FeB, Fe 2 B) on the surface. [19][20][21][22][23] The high hardness and abrasion resistance of the boride layer are preferred by the soldering industry, where the detrimental consequences of friction and deformation are indicated due to high loads. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] In addition to its excellent mechanical properties, the resistance of the boride layer against various molten metals and corrosive media (acids, alkalis) is also significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boride Coatings on Steel Protecting it Against Corrosion by a Liquid Lead-Free Solder Alloy

Sályi

Kaptay

Koncz-Horváth

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans B

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The goal of this research is to study the applicability of the diffusion boriding process as a high-temperature thermochemical heat treatment to enhance the lifetime of steel selective soldering tools. The main purpose of the work is to discuss the behavior of double-phase (FeB/Fe2B) iron-boride coating on the surface of different steels (DC04, C45, CK60, and C105U) against the stationary SAC309 lead-free solder liquid alloy. The boride coating was formed on the surface of the steel samples through the powder pack boriding technique. The microstructure of the formed layer was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The borided samples were first cut in half and then immersed into a stationary SAC309 lead-free solder liquid alloy (Sn–3Ag–0.9Cu) for 40 days. Microstructure examinations were performed by SEM with energy-dispersive spectroscopy and an elemental distribution map after the dissolution test. Excessive dissolution/corrosion of the original steel surface was observed at the steel/SAC interfaces, leading also to the formation of Fe–Sn intermetallic phases. This was found to be the major reason for the failure of selective soldering tools made of steel. On the contrary, no dissolution and no intermetallic compounds were observed at the FeB/SAC and at the Fe2B/SAC interfaces; as a result, the thicknesses of the FeB and Fe2B phases remained the same during the 40-day dissolution tests. Thus, it was concluded that both FeB and Fe2B phases show excellent resistance against the aggressive liquid solder alloy. The results of the dissolution tests show a good agreement with the thermodynamic calculations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boride Coatings on Steel Protecting it Against Corrosion by a Liquid Lead-Free Solder Alloy

Sályi

Kaptay

Koncz-Horváth

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…A high hardness related to the wear resistance is obtained at the surface of ferrous alloys owing to the formation of hard boride layers [1]. In the literature, different boriding processes can be conducted depending upon the physical state of active components: gas [2,3], liquid [4,5], paste [6,7], powder [8][9][10], fluidized bed [11], plasma-electrolytic [12], plasma-assisted [13], and plasma-paste [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of boronizing kinetics of ASTM A36 steel with the alternative kinetic model and the integral method

Abdellah

Кеддам²,

Jurči³

2021

Koroze a Ochrana Materialu

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In this study, two different mathematical models have been proposed for estimating the diffusivities of boron in the Fe2B layer on ASTM A36 steel in the range of 1173 to 1273 K with exposure times of 2 to 8 h. The boride incubation period required for the formation of such a layer was constant regardless of the boriding conditions. In both approaches, the boron diffusivity in the iron phase was considered in an unsaturated matrix. The first approach was derived from the mass balance equation at the (Fe2B/substrate) interface while the second approach employed the integral diffusion model. The calculated values of boron activation energies for ASTM A36 steel were found to be very comparable for the two approaches (161.65 and 160.96 and kJ mol-1). Afterwards, these values of activation energy were confronted with the results from the literature. Experimental validation of these two approaches has been done by comparing the experimental value of Fe2B layer thickness measured at 1123 K for 2.5 h with the simulated values. Finally, the predicted values of Fe2B layer thickness were in line with the experimental measurement.

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“…1 Basically, the thermal diffusion process of boride compounds requires a temperature range from 850°C to 1050°C, [2][3][4] and the process can be achieved by three methods that involve solid boriding, liquid boriding and gaseous boriding. 5 The most common method is pack boronizing, similar to pack carburizing. In particular, powder-pack boronizing is simple and cost-saving compared to the other boronizing processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the microstructures and performance of chromium boride coatings on AISI 52100 steel

Zong¹,

Jiang²,

Fan³

2018

Mater. Tehnol.

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In the present work thermal reactive diffusion (TRD) coatings of Cr+B were prepared on AISI 52100 steel using a chromizing treatment and a boriding treatment. The microstructures, phase compositions and elemental distributions of the coatings were systematically investigated. In addition, the influence of treatment temperature on the thickness and phase composition of the coating layer was also further determined. The results demonstrated that the phases formed on the steel surface were CrB, Cr7C3 and Fe2B. The higher treatment temperature resulted in a thicker chromium boride coating. The thickness of the chromium boride coatings increased from 48 μm to 272 μm with an increase of the treatment temperature. The boron reacted with the chromium carbide layer formed in the chrominizing stage and then penetrated into the layer to form Fe2B. Keywords: chromium boride coating, AISI 52100 steel, microstructures, Fe 2 B V pri~ujo~em prispevku avtorji opisujejo Cr+B prevleko na jeklu AISI 52100, pripravljeno z reaktivno termi~no difuzijo (TRD). Za to so uporabili tehniki kromiranja in boriranja. Sistemati~no so preiskovali mikrostrukture, fazno sestavo in porazdelitev elementov prevlek. Nadalje so dolo~ili vpliv temperature obdelave na debelino in fazno sestavo prevleke. Rezultati preiskav so pokazali, da so se na povr{ini jekla tvorile faze CrB, Cr7C3 in Fe2B. Posledica vi{je temperature obdelave je bila debelej{a plast krom-boridne prevleke. S povi{anjem temperature obdelave je debelina krom-boridne prevleke narasla z 48 μm na 272 μm. Element bor je reagiral s krom-karbidno plastjo, tvorjeno v fazi kromiranja in je nato penetriral v plast, da bi se tvoril {e Fe2B.

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An alternative method of gas boriding applied to the formation of borocarburized layer

Cited by 42 publications

References 29 publications

Boride Coatings on Steel Protecting it Against Corrosion by a Liquid Lead-Free Solder Alloy

Boride Coatings on Steel Protecting it Against Corrosion by a Liquid Lead-Free Solder Alloy

Simulation of boronizing kinetics of ASTM A36 steel with the alternative kinetic model and the integral method

A study of the microstructures and performance of chromium boride coatings on AISI 52100 steel

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