An Analysis of Computational Resources of Event-Driven Streaming Data Flow for Internet of Things: A Case Study

Abstract

Information and communication technologies backbone of a smart city is an Internet of Things (IoT) application that combines technologies such as low power IoT networks, device management, analytics or event stream processing. Hence, designing an efficient IoT architecture for real-time IoT applications brings technical challenges that include the integration of application network protocols and data processing. In this context, the system scalability of two architectures has been analysed: the first architecture, named as POST architecture, integrates the hyper text transfer protocol with an Extract-Transform-Load technique, and is used as baseline; the second architecture, named as MQTT-CEP, is based on a publish-subscribe protocol, i.e. message queue telemetry transport, and a complex event processor engine. In this analysis, SAVIA, a smart city citizen security application, has been deployed following both architectural approaches. Results show that the design of the network protocol and the data analytic layer impacts highly in the Quality of Service experimented by the final IoT users. The experiments show that the integrated MQTT-CEP architecture scales properly, keeps energy consumption limited and thereby, promotes the development of a distributed IoT architecture based on constraint resources. The drawback is an increase in latency, mainly caused by the loosely coupled communication pattern of MQTT, but within reasonable levels which stabilize with increasing workloads.

A Fast Density Peak Clustering Method for Power Data Security Detection Based on Local Outlier Factors

“…The combination of these two operations achieved a great improvement in service quality. Their research findings noted that when the grid was at a normal level, the structure was more stable under increased load [10].…”

“…In Formula ( 9), x j means the sample mean, while σ j indicates the standard deviation. The standardized matrix obtained from Formula ( 9) is Formula (10) [25].…”

“…The correlation coefficient matrix is calculated according to Formula (11) in the standardized matrix Z of Formula (10).…”