An analysis of ear discharge and antimicrobial sensitivity used in its treatment

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONEar discharge is any fluid that comes out from the external ear, also known as otorrhea. It could be in the form of blood, wax, pus or mucous fluid.Ear discharge is one of the cardinal symptoms of ear infection along with progressive deafness, pain, tinnitus and vertigo.Infection of the ear can be classified depending upon the site: otitis externa (infection of external ear) and otitis media (infection on middle ear). 1 Anatomy of the EARAs the matter of fact ear performs two sensory function: hearing and maintenance of equilibrium balance of the body. Ear can be divided in to three parts: outer ear, middle ear and inner ear. Outer earIt consists of two parts, pinna and external auditory meatus. The external auditory meatus extends up to the tympanic membrane (ear drum). Pinna and external ABSTRACT Background: Ear discharge is one of the cardinal symptoms of ear infection along with progressive deafness, pain, tinnitus and vertigo. Main objectives of the study were to study the various causes of ear discharge, isolate and identify the microorganisms associated with different causes of ear discharge and study the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the isolated organisms. Methods: All the patients matching the inclusion criteria were enrolled and sample of ear discharge was collected. This sample was sent to the microbiology laboratory for isolation of microorganism and antimicrobial sensitivity testing. Results: In present study 115 samples of ear discharge were examined for the presence of microorganisms. Out of 115, 93 (80.86%) samples were positive for growth of microorganisms and 22 (19.13%) samples were sterile. Out of 93% positive samples 61 (65.59%) samples were pure-bacterial growth, 8 (*8.60%) samples showed pure fungal growth and 24 (25.80%) showed mixed growth of both bacteria anti fungi. Conclusions: Overall bacterial isolates were higher than fungal and pseudomonas appeared to be most common. It was found sensitive to ceftazidime, amikacin, imipenem, colistin and aztreonam.

The Assessment of antimicrobial activity of cerumen (earwax) and antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria isolated from ear pus samples

“…Similar results were also reported by Vaghela et al. 22 A possible reason for antibiotic resistance might be irrational use of antibiotics therefore, it was suggested that antibiotics must be used after performing susceptibility test and by doing this, the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance might be reduced to greater extent. Furthermore, Magnet et al 23 also described that genetic variation among bacterial isolates was the most significant reason for antibiotic resistance and also suggested that all these complications could be minimized up to some extent by maintaining hygienic condition in daily life.…”

Investigation of Bactericidal effect of Earwax onEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureusisolated from skin and stool samples of undergraduate students, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

“…Using sterile syringes 1ml of each isolates was inoculated in small discs on solidified Muller Hinton Agar plates containing 1ml of earwax concentrations each. These plates were labelled as corresponding to the cerumen (Vaghela et al, 2023). Then all the plates were incubated at 37°C for 48hours.…”