An Analysis of the Factors Controlling the Germination of the Seed of the Oil Palm, Elaeis guineensis (Jacq.)

Hussey, G.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083610

Cited by 63 publications

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“…Like most seeds with very thick seed-coat (testa), the oil palm seeds pose difficulties in seed germination because of a long dormancy (1 to 2 years) after it is harvested (Mok 1982;Herrera et al 1999) which is attributed to restrictions of embryo growth due to mechanical constraints and the oxygen uptake by the compact "stony" endospermous tissue of the oil palm seeds (Mok 1982;Hussey 1958). As a result, a period of increased temperature with sufficient seed moisture is required for rapid and maximal oil palm seed germination (Mok 1982;Rees 1962).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, in controlled heat-treatment, the seeds for germination are stored at a temperature range of 38 to 40° C for 90 days at 18 % moisture content (Rees 1962). Germination of the oil palm seed by heat-treatment has been described by Hussey (1958), Rees (1962), Corley (1982), Mok (1982), andPeriasamrny et al (2002). On the other hand, none of these studies investigated the physiological effects of various duration of heat-treatment on subsequent seedling growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breaking Seed Dormancy: Revisiting Heat-treatment Duration on Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth of Oil Palm (EIaeis guineensis Jacq.) Progenies

Fondom¹,

Etta²,

Mih³

2010

JAS

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The role of duration of various varying heat-treatment durations on the germination of oil palm seeds is well documented. We investigated the effects of different heat-treatment durations on germination and seedling growth of 10 oil palm progenies. Batches of 250 oil palm seeds from each progeny were heat-treated at a temperature of 39° C ± 1° C for 60, 80, 100 and 120 days, to break dormancy. Seedling growth parameters measured included rate of leaf production, leaf area and relative leaf area growth rate, rate of leaf elongation, and diameter of base of seedlings stem. Germination rates for 60, 80, 100, and 120 days combined were highest for progenies A5240 and A5221 (> 80 %) but very low (< 5%) for progenies A5228 and A5268. Progenies A5240, A5291, A5234 and A5221 were found to be the most outstanding progenies in terms of germination. Prolonged heat-treatment resulted in reduced germination and less vigorous seedling growth. Heat-treatment of 60 days gave the best seedling growth performance and seedling growth was adversely affected when heat-treatment exceeded 100 days. The study indicated that heat-treatment duration of 60 days and not 80 days was effective for breaking dormancy of the oil palm seeds and successful seedling growth. This study shows that oil palm seeds germination can be obtained successfully within a short period (60 days) of heat-treatment compared to the current 80 days application by PAMOL Plantation Ltd. Lobe estate. These results could provide significant solutions to the numerous demands of oil palm seeds by local farmers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking Seed Dormancy: Revisiting Heat-treatment Duration on Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth of Oil Palm (EIaeis guineensis Jacq.) Progenies

Fondom¹,

Etta²,

Mih³

2010

JAS

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“…Segundo Hussey (1958), em condições naturais, como é comum neste gênero, as sementes de dendezeiro apresentam baixas taxas de germinação, principalmente devido à dormência manifestada após a maturação fisiológica. Sem a interrupção artificial dessa dormência, a germinação pode demorar anos.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Teor de água e tempo de exposição ao tratamento térmico na germinação de sementes de caiaué

et al. 2017

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PALAVRAS-CHAVE Elaeis oleifera Elaeis ssp. Sementes de palmeira Superação de dormência KEYWORDS Elaeis oleifera Elaeis ssp.Palm seeds Breaking dormancy RESUMO: O caiaué, também conhecido como dendezeiro americano, pertence ao mesmo gênero do dendezeiro africano. A hibridação artificial interespecífica entre essas espécies é comum principalmente para resistência à doença que afeta a espécie africana, mas que não afeta o caiaué, que transmite essa característica ao híbrido interespecífico. O caiaué é propagado por sementes que, assim como o dendezeiro, apresentam dormência. São poucos os estudos sobre os procedimentos para quebra de dormência de sementes de caiaué, sendo estes adaptados dos procedimentos adotados para o dendezeiro, mas as taxas de germinação são muito inferiores às dessa espécie. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito do teor de água das sementes e do período de tratamento térmico na superação da dormência e na germinação e vigor das sementes de caiaué. O experimento foi realizado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial simples 5 x 3, sendo cinco intervalos de graus de umidade: 18-19; 19-20; 20-21; 21-22 e 22-23%, e três períodos de tratamento térmico: 55, 75 e 100 dias, com três repetições de 500 sementes cada. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem total de sementes germinadas, porcentagem de germinação na primeira contagem e o índice de velocidade de germinação. Tanto o grau de umidade da semente como o período de tratamento térmico influenciaram a germinação e o vigor das sementes de caiaué. As maiores taxas de germinação são obtidas com teores de água das sementes de caiaué entre 20 e 23%, na entrada do termogerminador, com tratamento térmico por 75 dias. ABSTRACT: Caiaué, also known as American oil palm, belongs to the same genus of the African oil palm. The interspecific artificial hybridization between these species is common mainly for resistance to disease that affects the African species but not the caiaue, which transmits this characteristic to the interspecific hybrid. The caiaué is propagated by seeds, which, and like the oil palm, presents dormancy.There are few studies on the procedures for breaking dormancy of caiaué seeds, these being adapted from the procedures adopted for oil palm, but the germination rates are much lower than those of this species. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the seeds water content and the period of exposure to thermal treatment for breaking dormancy and the initial germination of the caiaué seeds. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a 5 x 3 factorial design, with five ranges of moisture contents: 18-19; 19-20; 20-21; 21-22 and 22-23% and three periods of thermal treatment: 55, 75 and 100 days, each

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“…According to Hussey (1958), the African oil palm seeds have low germination rates due to the dormancy that they present after physiological maturity, caused by the mechanical resistance of the endocarp, which has a hard and dense consistency, and the absorption of oxygen, preventing the growth of the embryo. Under natural conditions, as is common in the Elaeis genus, germination can take years and is generally non-uniform and low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under natural conditions, as is common in the Elaeis genus, germination can take years and is generally non-uniform and low. Studies related to commercial seed germination of African oil palm were developed by Hussey (1958) and Rees (1962), who observed the need to subject seeds to heat treatment to break dormancy. Since then, several procedures have been developed for germination of African oil palm seeds based on the thermal treatment (heating) to break dormancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat treatment and germination of seeds of interspecific hybrid between American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortes) and African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

et al. 2014

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-The oil palm (E. guineensis ) is the African origin and the world's leading source of vegetable oil. The interspecific hybridization of the African oil palm (E. guineensis) with American oil palm (E. oleifera) aims to improve resistance to diseases, to improve oil quality and lower plant height. EMBRAPA (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research) has developed the first Brazilian interspecific hybrid cultivar (HIE) between American oil palm and African oil palm. The procedures adopted for commercial seed germination assessment have shown an average germination rate of 32%. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of the period of heat treatment and seed water content that are ideal for breaking dormancy and obtaining maximum germination. A completely randomized design was adopted, in a 4 x 3 factorial design, with four ranges of moisture contents: 18-19; 19-20; 20-21 and 21-22%, and three periods of heat treatment: 55, 75 and 100 days, with three replicates of 500 seeds. The percentage of germination, the first count and the germination speed index were assessed. To break dormancy and germination, the hybrids seeds of HIE, oleifera versus guineensis, should have their water content adjusted to values between 19 and 22%, and be subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 39 ± + 1 ºC and relative humidity of approximately 75% for 75 days.Index terms: Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera, oil palm, breaking dormancy.Tratamento térmico e germinação de sementes do híbrido interespecífico entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro RESUMO -O dendezeiro, palmeira de origem africana, representa a principal fonte mundial de óleo vegetal. A hibridação interespecífica do dendezeiro com o caiaué, de origem americana, tem como objetivos a resistência a doenças, melhoria na qualidade do óleo e menor altura de plantas. A Embrapa desenvolveu a primeira cultivar brasileira híbrida interespecífica (HIE) entre o caiaué e o dendezeiro. Os procedimentos adotados para avaliar a germinação das sementes comerciais dessa cultivar têm apresentado valores médios de 32%. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do período de tratamento térmico e do teor de água nas sementes, ideais para superação da dormência e obtenção da germinação máxima. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo quatro intervalos de graus de umidade: 18-19; 19-20; 20-21 e 21-22% e três períodos de tratamento térmico: 55, 75 e 100 dias, com três repetições de 500 sementes. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de germinação, a primeira contagem e o índice de velocidade de germinação. Para superação da dormência e germinação, as sementes híbridas do HIE: oleifera x guineensis devem ter seu teor de água ajustado para valores entre 19 e 22% e ser submetidas ao tratamento térmico sob temperatura de 39 ± 1 ºC e umidade relativa do ar de aproximadamente 75% por 75 dias.Termos para indexação: Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera, palma de óleo, superação de dormência.

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An Analysis of the Factors Controlling the Germination of the Seed of the Oil Palm, Elaeis guineensis (Jacq.)

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Breaking Seed Dormancy: Revisiting Heat-treatment Duration on Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth of Oil Palm (EIaeis guineensis Jacq.) Progenies

Breaking Seed Dormancy: Revisiting Heat-treatment Duration on Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth of Oil Palm (EIaeis guineensis Jacq.) Progenies

Teor de água e tempo de exposição ao tratamento térmico na germinação de sementes de caiaué

Heat treatment and germination of seeds of interspecific hybrid between American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortes) and African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

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