An analysis of the ingredients in decoctions and extracts of Kampo medicines: Amounts of baicalin and baicalein in Kampo medicines containing Scutellariae Radix

Shii, Takashi; Kuroda, Minpei; Shamoto, Noriko; Mimaki, Yoshihiro

doi:10.3143/geriatrics.57.72

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Scutellaria root (Chinese skullcap) has been implicated in rare, but clinically apparent, liver injury, 27 and the Kampo formula, Bofutsushosan, containing this CDC, was reported as the greatest cause of DILI from 2004 to 2020 in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database 19 . Although the detailed mechanisms of skullcap‐induced DILI are not well understood, the major flavonoid components, baicalin and baicalein, may be involved in the pathogenesis 28 . Recently, Hoofnagle et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Although the detailed mechanisms of skullcap-induced DILI are not well understood, the major flavonoid components, baicalin and baicalein, may be involved in the pathogenesis. 28 Recently, Hoofnagle et al suggested that HLA-B*35:01 is associated with green tea (Camellia sinensis)-induced liver injury, as shown in a prospective cohort study (Drug-induced Liver Injury Network). 29 Compared with the carrier frequency (11%) of HLA-B*35:01 in the USA population, the frequency of green tea-DILI cases (72%) was significantly higher.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant association between HLA‐B35:01* and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Nakamura

Arakawa

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Hepatology Research

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Aim Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a severe and life‐threatening immune‐mediated adverse effect, occurring rarely among treated patients. We examined genomic biomarkers in the Japanese population that predict the onset of DILI after using a certain class of drugs, such as Kampo products (Japanese traditional medicines). Methods A total of 287 patients diagnosed as DILI by hepatology specialists were recruited after written informed consent was obtained. A genome‐wide association analysis and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing in four digits were performed. Results We found a significant association (p = 9.41 × 10−10) of rs146644517 (G > A) with Kampo product–related DILI. As this polymorphism is located in the HLA region, we evaluated the association of HLA types and found that 12 (63.2%) of 19 Kampo‐DILI patients contained HLA‐B*35:01, whereas only 15.2% were positive for this HLA among healthy volunteers. The odds ratio was 9.56 (95% confidence interval 3.75–24.46; p = 2.98 × 10−6, corrected p = 4.17 × 10−5), and it increased to 13.55 compared with the DILI patients not exposed to Kampo products. The individual crude drug components in the Kampo products, including Scutellaria root (ougon in Japanese), rhubarb (daiou), Gardenia fruit (sanshishi), and Glycyrrhiza (kanzou), were significantly associated with HLA‐B*35:01. Conclusions HLA‐B*35:01 is a genetic risk factor and a potential predictive biomarker for Kampo‐induced DILI in the Japanese population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant association between HLA‐B35:01* and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Nakamura

Arakawa

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Hepatology Research

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“…At present, it is generally believed that Chinese herbal medicines have serious side effects, including interstitial pneumonia and liver dysfunction [ 124 ]. High dose of wogonin (40 mg/kg, intravenous injection) significantly increased weight of pregnant mice and structural chromosomal aberrations to affect fetus development [ 125 ].…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. and its probably potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19: a review

et al. 2020

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Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. (SB) is a common heat-clearing medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It has been used for thousands of years in China and its neighboring countries. Clinically, it is mostly used to treat diseases such as cold and cough. SB has different harvesting periods and processed products for different clinical symptoms. Botanical researches proved that SB included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1st, 2020) was consistent with the medicinal SB described in ancient books. Modern phytochemical analysis had found that SB contains hundreds of active ingredients, of which flavonoids are its major components. These chemical components are the material basis for SB to exert pharmacological effects. Pharmacological studies had shown that SB has a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, liver protection, etc. The active ingredients of SB were mostly distributed in liver and kidney, and couldn't be absorbed into brain via oral absorption. SB’s toxicity was mostly manifested in liver fibrosis and allergic reactions, mainly caused by baicalin. The non-medicinal application prospects of SB were broad, such as antibacterial plastics, UV-resistant silk, animal feed, etc. In response to the Coronavirus Disease In 2019 (COVID-19), based on the network pharmacology research, SB’s active ingredients may have potential therapeutic effects, such as baicalin and baicalein. Therefore, the exact therapeutic effects are still need to be determined in clinical trials. SB has been reviewed in the past 2 years, but the content of these articles were not comprehensive and accurate. In view of the above, we made a comprehensive overview of the research progress of SB, and expect to provide ideas for the follow-up study of SB.

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“…[3] The use of Kampo medicine is based on diagnosis by "Sho," [1] but component analysis and systematic reviews of Kampo medicines have now been conducted, and much modern medical evidence has been reported. [4,5] Bibliometrics was introduced in 1969 as an approach that combines the quantitative analysis of the elements that constitute an article or journal with data visualization. [6] By analyzing a large number of references in a specific research area, it is possible to identify relationships among research targets in the literature and hotspots in a particular time period and predict trends in reporting in a particular area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric analysis of Kampo medicine hotspots and trends for the decade: 2013–2022

Onoda,

Tanaka,

Ishii

2023

Medicine

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Background: Kampo medicine is a traditional medicine that originated in ancient China and has since developed as a uniquely Japanese medicine. Although Kampo medicine is one of Japan’s most important therapeutic modalities and numerous papers have been published recently, information on current hotspots and trends in Kampo research is lacking. This bibliometric analysis of Kampo medicine surveyed the latest research hotspots and trends. Methods: Articles on Kampo medicine were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. We used medical subject headings related to Kampo medicine and searched for publications from 2013 to 2022. The retrieved articles were analyzed for countries, authors, journals, references, and keywords related to Kampo medicine using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and SCImago Graphica. Results: A total of 1170 articles were included. The number of Kampo medicine-related publications and citations has recently increased, mainly from Japan. Author Keiko Ogawa-Ochiai published the most papers (40 papers), while Yoshio Kase had the highest frequency at 663 citations. Among the co-cited authors, Toru Kono was the most cited and had the highest total link strength. The journal with the most submissions was Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. A comprehensive keyword and literature analysis revealed the following research hotspots: “Yokukansan and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia,” “Ninjinyoeito and geriatric care,” “Daikenchuto and postoperative gastrointestinal cancer,” and “Rikkunshito and functional dyspepsia.” We also identified a new research frontier by identifying an association between hochuekkito and COVID-19. Conclusions: Our findings reveal trends in Kampo medicine research, with specific hotspots and the authors and publications with the largest research impact. Collecting a large volume of literature data, analyzing the impact of studies, and identifying research hotspots, as in this study, will provide researchers with future directions for Kampo research.

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An analysis of the ingredients in decoctions and extracts of Kampo medicines: Amounts of baicalin and baicalein in Kampo medicines containing Scutellariae Radix

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Significant association between HLA‐B35:01* and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Significant association between HLA‐B35:01* and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. and its probably potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19: a review

Bibliometric analysis of Kampo medicine hotspots and trends for the decade: 2013–2022

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An analysis of the ingredients in decoctions and extracts of Kampo medicines: Amounts of baicalin and baicalein in Kampo medicines containing Scutellariae Radix

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Significant association between HLA‐B*35:01 and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Significant association between HLA‐B*35:01 and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. and its probably potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19: a review

Bibliometric analysis of Kampo medicine hotspots and trends for the decade: 2013–2022

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Product

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Significant association between HLA‐B35:01* and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients

Significant association between HLA‐B35:01* and onset of drug‐induced liver injury caused by Kampo medicines in Japanese patients