An Analytical Approximated Solution for the Gain of Broadband Raman Amplifiers With Multiple Counter-Pumps

Cani, S.; Calmon, Luiz de C.; Pontes, Maria José; Ribeiro, Moisés R. N.; Segatto, Marcelo E. V.; Cartaxo, Adolfo V. T.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2008.922320

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In general, the gain profile of a DRA is obtained using analytical [9] or numerical [8] methods. Analytical solutions are computationally fast but are limited due to certain approximations.…”

Section: B Design Of the Distributed Raman Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a wideband hybrid EDFA with a Fiber Raman Amplifier

Benincá

Pontes

Segatto

2011

2011 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC 2011)

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This paper presents a new design methodology for hybrid optical amplifiers operating simultaneously at Cand L-bands. Our configuration uses an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) operating as a booster to obtain optical gain over the C-band and a Distributed Raman Amplifier (DRA) to provide gain over the L-band and control the gain ripple. The amplifier performance was computed in terms of on-off gain and ripple, Optical Signal to Noise Ratio (OSNR), and Noise Figure (NF). Our results show on-off gain from 17 dB with ripple up to 2 dB over a 65 nm bandwidth. The OSNR was higher than 35 dB with NF lower than 4 dB at 120 km. Fiber links from 90 km up to 180 km have been analyzed.

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Section: B Design Of the Distributed Raman Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a wideband hybrid EDFA with a Fiber Raman Amplifier

Benincá

Pontes

Segatto

2011

2011 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC 2011)

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“…Since numerical solutions are often extremely time consuming, we have used a simplified analytical model [15] for a initial prediction of the gain and gain ripple. The analytical approach considers pump-to-pump and signal-to-pump interactions and also takes into account wavelength dependent effects such as effective area variation and individual signal loss coefficients, but neglects the pump depletion by signal and also noise effects.…”

Section: Analytical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) by an iterative procedure that calculates the iteration between pumps in three different frequencies. More details regarding the deduction of the analytical expressions and also the experimental validation can be found in [15]. This general expression for the pump power evolution as a function of the fiber length is given by…”

Section: Analytical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, from the pump power evolution equation, it is straightforward to show that, as described in [15], the signal gain can be obtained by…”

Section: Analytical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence it is often very difficult to find the global minimum. As an alternative, the methodology presented in this paper makes use of an analytical model as a preliminary step [15]. In this way, the whole solution-space can be inspected at once.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design methodology for multi-pumped discrete Raman amplifiers: case-study employing photonic crystal fibers

Castellani¹,

Cani²,

Segatto³

et al. 2009

Opt. Express

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This paper proposes a new design methodology for discrete multi-pumped Raman amplifier. In a multi-objective optimization scenario, in a first step the whole solution-space is inspected by a CW analytical formulation. Then, the most promising solutions are fully investigated by a rigorous numerical treatment and the Raman amplification performance is thus determined by the combination of analytical and numerical approaches. As an application of our methodology we designed an photonic crystal fiber Raman amplifier configuration which provides low ripple, high gain, clear eye opening and a low power penalty. The amplifier configuration also enables to fully compensate the dispersion introduced by a 70-km singlemode fiber in a 10 Gbit/s system. We have successfully obtained a configuration with 8.5 dB average gain over the C-band and 0.71 dB ripple with almost zero eye-penalty using only two pump lasers with relatively low pump power.

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A simplified model and gain analysis of Raman-EDFA hybrid amplifier for DWDM system

Pradhan¹,

Das²,

Palai³

et al. 2022

Opt Quant Electron

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Present communication delivers a novel kind of silica based hybrid ampli er which can nd suitable application in DWDM optical network. The proposed hybrid ampli er includes both EDFA and Raman ampli er to envisage high gain characteristics for 64 channels in both S + C band and S + C + L wavelength band (1545-1570 nm). Various parameters of the hybrid ampli er such as doping concentration, pump power, pump wavelength, ber length are judiciously chosen to optimize the gain pro le. Aside from this, simulation upshots for individual ampli ers infer that EDFA shows a high gain of 22.1 dB for co-directional pumping and Raman ampli er deduces a gain of 12.2 dB for counter-directional pumping whereas EDFA-Raman hybrid ampli er bestows a substantial high gain of 23.03 dB for co-directional pumping con guration. Additionally, it has been inferred that the hybrid ampli er offers a very minimal gain ripple of 0.8 dB, which indicates the gain is almost at. Hence, considering the aforementioned high gain and at gain characteristics, the suggested EDFA-Raman hybrid ampli er opens up an avenue for future optical dense wavelength division multiplexing systems.

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An Analytical Approximated Solution for the Gain of Broadband Raman Amplifiers With Multiple Counter-Pumps

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Design of a wideband hybrid EDFA with a Fiber Raman Amplifier

Design of a wideband hybrid EDFA with a Fiber Raman Amplifier

Design methodology for multi-pumped discrete Raman amplifiers: case-study employing photonic crystal fibers

A simplified model and gain analysis of Raman-EDFA hybrid amplifier for DWDM system

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