An analytical model to predict the compressive damage of concrete plates under contact detonation

Huan, Tu; Fung, T. C.; Tan, Kang Hai; Riedel, Werner

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2019.103344

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The pressure generated by the explosive is directly transmitted into the structure. There, it induces a hemispherical expanding shock wave (Tu et al, 2019). As a consequence of the hemispherical propagation of the shock wave, the total energy disperses over the length of the expanding shock wave (McVay, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He also compares different theoretical and empirical methods for the prediction of spalling. An analytical model to predict the compressive damage of concrete plates under contact detonations was developed by Tu et al (2019). A more recent test series regarding the spalling damage of normal and ultra-high-strength concrete under contact detonations was conducted by Li et al (2015) and compared with numerical methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary debris resulting from concrete slabs subjected to contact detonations

Hupfauf

Gebbeken

2022

Advances in Structural Engineering

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As a consequence of terrorist attacks with explosives and malfunction of machinery detonations can lead to secondary debris on the protective side of a concrete wall. The term secondary debris in this context describes the debris resulting from a breakup of the loaded concrete structure in contrast to primary debris which results from the explosive or its casing. A test series has been conducted in order to investigate the physical phenomenology of the damaging process. A total of 15 reinforced concrete slabs with scaled thicknesses between 1.6 and 2.8 cm g−1/3 were loaded by contact detonations. The protective side of the concrete slabs was recorded with high-speed cameras during testing, and the damaged concrete slabs were measured with 3D-scans afterward. The acquired data will be evaluated for the velocity and mass of the secondary debris, to build the basis for an empirical model, which can make predictions about the occurring secondary debris. The objective of this paper is, to present the conducted experiments and propose the first part of an empirical model. This model predicts the geometry of the spalling crater on the protective side of the concrete slab, as well as the maximum velocity of the secondary debris. In following papers, the correlation between the mass and the velocity of the secondary debris will be derived from numerical simulations. With this, predictions can be made about the effects of the secondary debris on humans and installations on the protective side of the concrete slabs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary debris resulting from concrete slabs subjected to contact detonations

Hupfauf

Gebbeken

2022

Advances in Structural Engineering

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“…Reaching very high pressures and entering the regime of hydrodynamic behavior and shock wave propagation, the EOS can even become dominant. Examples for such EOS dominated material response are contact detonation [6,15,16] and hypervelocity impact of projectiles [9,11,17,18] and metal jets [12,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hugoniot Data and Equation of State Parameters for an Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Sauer

Bagusat

Ruiz-Ripoll

et al. 2021

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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This work aims at the characterization of a modern concrete material. For this purpose, we perform two experimental series of inverse planar plate impact (PPI) tests with the ultra-high performance concrete B4Q, using two different witness plate materials. Hugoniot data in the range of particle velocities from 180 to 840 m/s and stresses from 1.1 to 7.5 GPa is derived from both series. Within the experimental accuracy, they can be seen as one consistent data set. Moreover, we conduct corresponding numerical simulations and find a reasonably good agreement between simulated and experimentally obtained curves. From the simulated curves, we derive numerical Hugoniot results that serve as a homogenized, mean shock response of B4Q and add further consistency to the data set. Additionally, the comparison of simulated and experimentally determined results allows us to identify experimental outliers. Furthermore, we perform a parameter study which shows that a significant influence of the applied pressure dependent strength model on the derived equation of state (EOS) parameters is unlikely. In order to compare the current results to our own partially reevaluated previous work and selected recent results from literature, we use simulations to numerically extrapolate the Hugoniot results. Considering their inhomogeneous nature, a consistent picture emerges for the shock response of the discussed concrete and high-strength mortar materials. Hugoniot results from this and earlier work are presented for further comparisons. In addition, a full parameter set for B4Q, including validated EOS parameters, is provided for the application in simulations of impact and blast scenarios.

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“…The physics of shock wave propagation and their effect on materials have been described in detail by Meyers (1994). Such theories can be employed to model from first principles the propagation of planar waves resulting from contact detonations and to predict the crater damage caused by these shocks (Tu et al, 2019). However, it is very challenging to describe analytically and with physics-based principles the interaction of realistic combined loads on structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response mechanisms of reinforced concrete panels to the combined effect of close-in blast and fragments: An integrated experimental and numerical analysis

Linz

Fung

Lee

et al. 2020

International Journal of Protective Structures

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The effect of cased explosives on reinforced concrete components is important for the design of protective structures, since the interaction between the fragments and blast waves can modify or even amplify the damage caused. This work deals with the development of finite element analysis techniques to simulate the combined loading and to understand this interaction. In this work, an experiment conducted with a cased explosive and further tests from the literature were used together to develop and stepwise validate finite element analysis models of the different loading phases. The casing fragment velocities and spatial distribution were derived from explosive expansion simulations of the hull using the smooth particle hydrodynamics method together with a momentum conserving penalty contact. The blast loading applied on the concrete plate was based on established empirical formulae, acting at the same times as the fragments. Comparing the final damage with the experimental records revealed good agreement for most damage patterns. The model was used to identify the different damage evolution stages, such as shock-induced shear plug formation and subsequent structural dynamic bending with the associated damage. In addition, differential model variants with fragment and blast loading in isolation were simulated to resolve the response and damage of each loading component. The blast load caused predominantly bending deformations and damage, while the fragments caused similar cratering as seen in the combined case. However, the final combined damage was larger than that caused by each phenomenon. In the given situation, the fragments created most damage, but the established modelling approach opens the perspective to study these effects also for other ratios of explosive to casing weight and scaled distances, where the contributions might differ. Establishing a valid modelling approach is thus an important step towards more insight into the interaction of these complex loading types and damage effects.

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An analytical model to predict the compressive damage of concrete plates under contact detonation

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Secondary debris resulting from concrete slabs subjected to contact detonations

Secondary debris resulting from concrete slabs subjected to contact detonations

Hugoniot Data and Equation of State Parameters for an Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Response mechanisms of reinforced concrete panels to the combined effect of close-in blast and fragments: An integrated experimental and numerical analysis

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