An analytical study of the PEM fuel cell with axial convection in the gas channel

Lin, Yung-Chi; Lin, Chun-Ju; Chen, Yen‐Cho; Yin, Ken‐Ming; Yang, Chih-Chao

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.05.005

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…Most of the models published in the open literature are computational, involving very little if any mathematical solutions. As such, very few analytical models have been reported, and the most that do are designed to be stand-alone models, not incorporated into computational models [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Lit- ster and Djilali [26] published 1D analytical solutions of the cathode catalyst layer, which they implemented in a 2D model of an airbreathing fuel cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-analytical proton exchange membrane fuel cell modeling

Cheddie

Munroe

2008

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-analytical proton exchange membrane fuel cell modeling

Cheddie

Munroe

2008

Journal of Power Sources

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A Numerical Simulation of a Flow in Pem Fuel Cell Stack Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

Lee

Jeon

Yoon

et al. 2009

Fluid Machinery and Fluid Mechanics

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Water management in polymer electrolyte (PEM) fuel cells is important for fuel cell performance and durability. Numerical simulations using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are developed to elucidate the dynamic behavior of condensed water and gas flows in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell gas channel. A scheme for two-phase flow with large density differences was applied to establish the optimum gas channel design for different gas channel heights, droplet positions and gas channel walls wettability. The present simulation using the LBM, which considers the actual physical properties of the system, shows the effect of the cross-sectional shape, the droplet initial position, droplet volume and the air flow velocity for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic gas channels. The discussion of optimum channel height and drain performance was made using two factors "pumping efficiency" and "drainage speed". It is shown that deeper channels give better draining-2 efficiency than shallower channels, and the efficiency remains largely unchanged when the droplet touches corners or the top of walls in the gas channel. As the droplet velocity, i.e. the drainage flow rate, becomes higher and the drainage efficiency becomes less dependent on droplet locations with shallower channels, shallower channels are better than deeper channels as the pumping efficiency is not greatly affected. Introducing a new dimensionless parameter, "pumping efficiency", the investigation discusses the effect of the various parameters on the drainage performance of a PEM fuel cell gas channel. Nomenclature c : characteristic particle speed (m s-1) c i : restricted velocities of particle ensembles (m s-1) f i : particle velocity distribution functions for the calculation of an order parameter g : gravitational acceleration (m s-2) g i : particle velocity distribution functions for the calculation of a predicted velocity H : vertical length of simulation domain (m) I : cell current density (A m-2) L : characteristic length (m) m : droplet mass (kg)-3 p : pressure (Pa) Q : gas flow rate (m 3 s-1) Sh : Strouhal number t : time (s) t 0 : characteristic time scale (s) Δt : time step during which the particles travel the lattice spacing (s) u : current velocity (m s-1) u * : predicted velocity (m s-1) U : characteristic flow speed (m s-1) U dr : droplet velocity (m s-1) x, y, z : position coordinates (m) Δx : spacing of the cubic lattice (m) κ f : constant determining the width of the interface of two phases κ g : constant determining the strength of the surface tension  : contact angle μ : viscosity (Pa s) ξ : coordinate perpendicular to the interface (m) ρ : density (kg m-3) ρ 0 : reference density (kg m-3) σ : interface tension (N m-1) τ f , τ g : dimensionless single relaxation time  : pumping efficiency-4  : order parameter  0

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Energy and exergy analysis of an ethanol reforming process for solid oxide fuel cell applications

Tippawan

Arpornwichanop

2014

Bioresource Technology

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An analytical study of the PEM fuel cell with axial convection in the gas channel

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Semi-analytical proton exchange membrane fuel cell modeling

Semi-analytical proton exchange membrane fuel cell modeling

A Numerical Simulation of a Flow in Pem Fuel Cell Stack Using Lattice Boltzmann Method

Energy and exergy analysis of an ethanol reforming process for solid oxide fuel cell applications

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