An Approach for Measurement of Passenger Comfort: Real-Time Classification based on In-Cabin and Exterior Data

Ariel, Telpaz; Baltaxe, Michael; Hecht, Ron M.; Cohen-Lazry, Guy; Degani, Amir; Kamhi, Gila

doi:10.1109/itsc.2018.8569653

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is therefore unclear how the complete absence of active control over the vehicle in highly automated driving influences the subjective experience of time headways. Researchers have hypothesized that speed influences the subjective experience of drivers in in highly automated driving differently than in self-or assisted driving, due to a lack of immediate controllability of the driving situation (De Vos, Theeuwes, Hoekstra, & Coëmet, 1997;Telpaz, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Constant Time Headway Followingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How speed and visibility influence preferred headway distances in highly automated driving

Siebert

Wallis

2019

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

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While the introduction of highly automated vehicles promises lower accident numbers, a main requirement for wide use of these vehicles will be the acceptance by drivers. In this study a crucial variable for the acceptance of highly automated vehicles, the vehicle to vehicle distance expressed in time headway, was researched in a driving simulator. Research has shown that time headway distances, perceived as comfortable in self-driving and assisted driving with adaptive cruise control, remain constant over a range of different speeds. This study aims to test these findings for highly automated driving. Since time headway is perceived visually, the driving situation was varied to investigate the influence of visibility on the subjective comfort of the driver in a highly automated driving situation. In a withinsubject design, drivers followed a passenger car in clear weather conditions, the same passenger car in fog which occluded parts of the traffic environment, as well as a truck that occluded the lane ahead, also in clear weather condition. Subjective comfort of drivers in each condition was rated with a haptic rating lever. Results suggest that comfortable time headway following distances in highly automated driving are not constant over different speeds, but that these distances decrease with increasing speed. Reduced visibility generally led to a shift in comfortable following distances towards larger headways. These results have implications for the introduction of highly automated vehicles and their time headway adjustments, which will need to be adaptive to speed and visibility in the road environment.

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Section: Constant Time Headway Followingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How speed and visibility influence preferred headway distances in highly automated driving

Siebert

Wallis

2019

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

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“…Jüngere Arbeiten mit Bezug zu AVF bestätigen dies. Es zeigte sich, dass die Geschwindigkeits-und Manöverwahl von Fahrzeugen bei Personen Verstehens-, Antizipations-und Bewertungsunsicherheit auslösen können [24][25][26]. Zudem kann die Beschäftigung mit fahrfremden Tätigkeiten, z.…”

Section: Subjektive Unsicherheit Und Vertrauenunclassified

Subjektive Sicherheit zur Steigerung der Akzeptanz des automatisierten und vernetzten Fahrens

Drewitz

Wilbrink

Oehl

et al. 2021

Forsch Ingenieurwes

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ZusammenfassungEin wichtiger Faktor für die Akzeptanz und damit die Verbreitung automatisierten und vernetzten Fahrens (AVF) ist der Grad der subjektiven Unsicherheit (Ungewissheit), den Nutzende bei der Interaktion mit automatisierten Fahrzeugen empfinden. Subjektive Unsicherheiten treten immer dann auf, wenn Personen aufgrund fehlender Erfahrung oder fehlender Informationen nicht in der Lage sind, den weiteren Verlauf einer Situation oder zukünftige Ereignisse vorherzusagen. Treten bei der Nutzung automatisierter Fahrzeuge solche Unsicherheiten auf, wird die Herausbildung von Vertrauen und damit von Akzeptanz für diese Technologie durch die Unsicherheit begleitende negative Emotionen beeinträchtigt. Im Rahmen des Projekts AutoAkzept (Automatisierung ohne Unsicherheit zur Erhöhung der Akzeptanz Automatisierten und Vernetzten Fahrens) wurden Lösungen für nutzerfokussierte Automatisierung entwickelt, die Fahrzeuginsassen in den Mittelpunkt der Systementwicklung stellen. Nutzerfokussierte Systeme berücksichtigen in der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion zwei grundlegende menschliche Bedürfnisse, das Bedürfnis, zu verstehen (need to understand) und das Bedürfnis, verstanden zu werden (need to be understood). Dazu setzen nutzerfokussierte Systeme verschiedene Sensoren ein, um subjektive Unsicherheiten und ihre Einflussfaktoren in Echtzeit zu erkennen, diese Informationen mit Kontextdaten zu integrieren und Anpassungen vorzunehmen, die subjektive Unsicherheiten reduzieren. Die systemischen Anpassungen nutzerfokussierter Systeme folgen dabei einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz und berücksichtigen die Ebenen der Fahrzeugführung, der Interieuranpassung und Informationsdarbietung sowie der Zielführung. Durch die Reduzierung oder Vermeidung subjektiver Unsicherheiten unterstützen die Entwicklungen des Projekts eine positive, komfortable Benutzererfahrung und tragen zur Erhöhung der Akzeptanz von AVF bei. Die Arbeit präsentiert hierzu Forschungsergebnisse von AutoAkzept zu den Themen Zustands- und Aktivitätsmodellierung von Nutzenden sowie bedarfsgerechte Adaptionsstrategien, die einzelne Lösungsbausteine für die Umsetzung nutzerfokussierter Automation bilden.

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“…While the application of moment‐to‐moment rating methods to psychotherapy research is relatively novel, similar approaches have been incorporated into research across a range of other disciplines. For example, studies have used such methods to pilot television shows (Hui, Meyvis, & Assael, ) and evaluate consumer perceptions of products such as cars (Telpaz et al, ) and advertisements (Woltman Elpers, Mukherjee, & Hoyer, ). Additionally, these systems have been used within psychological research as early as the 1980s (Gottman & Levenson, , ), including research related to social psychology (e.g.…”

Section: Micro‐process Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating clients' moment‐to‐moment ratings into psychotherapy research: A novel approach

Penix

Swift

Trusty

2020

Couns and Psychother Res

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Counselling and psychotherapy researchers have considerably advanced the field's understanding of psychotherapy processes and how they relate to treatment outcomes. Despite these advances, little is known about the client's perspective of changes in psychotherapy processes that occur throughout a given session (i.e. micro‐processes). To address this gap, this article describes the novel application of methods that assess participants' moment‐to‐moment ratings to psychotherapy research. This method entails recording psychotherapy session content that clients and other potential raters (e.g. therapists, researchers) later review while simultaneously providing continuous ratings of psychotherapy processes (e.g. helpfulness, alliance). In addition, moment‐to‐moment ratings can facilitate significant events research by prompting researchers to elicit client feedback about the moments that are rated the most and least positively. However, few studies have used these methods in the context of psychotherapy research. Studies incorporating these methods may yield findings that advance psychotherapy research, training efforts and clinical practice. For example, studies may examine how the magnitude and timing of clients' moment‐to‐moment ratings of psychotherapy processes are associated with treatment outcomes, therapist ratings and physiological processes (e.g. heart rate variability). Trainee therapists and their supervisors may also use clients' moment‐to‐moment ratings to facilitate attunement to verbal and non‐verbal indicators of moments perceived more positively and negatively. Last, these methods can produce findings that are highly relevant to clinical practice, where therapists routinely navigate fluctuations in psychotherapy processes (e.g. alliance ruptures) that can be assessed using moment‐to‐moment ratings.

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An Approach for Measurement of Passenger Comfort: Real-Time Classification based on In-Cabin and Exterior Data

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

How speed and visibility influence preferred headway distances in highly automated driving

How speed and visibility influence preferred headway distances in highly automated driving

Subjektive Sicherheit zur Steigerung der Akzeptanz des automatisierten und vernetzten Fahrens

Integrating clients' moment‐to‐moment ratings into psychotherapy research: A novel approach

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