An Approach of Steganography in G.729 Bitstream Based on Matrix Coding and Interleaving

Wu, Zhijun; Cao, Haijuan; Li, Douzhe

doi:10.1049/cje.2015.01.026

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Su et al [7] studied the characteristics of algorithm used in G.729a encoder, and analyzed the anti-noise performance of the vector codebook, and selected fixed codebook parameters as carriers to embed secret information. Wu et al [8] used the differential signal-to-noise ratio (DSNR) to evaluate the noise tolerance of G.729 encoder parameters, and selected the least significant bits to embed secret information by using the cross-coding technique. Lin [9] analyzed the parameter bits of the G.723.1 encoder and concluded that bits of the random excitation pulse parameters are more suitable for data embedding than other parameter bits.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive Speech Information Hiding Method Based on K-Means

2020

IEEE Access

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In secure communication, finding bits that used for steganography is essential for effective and high-quality speech information hiding. This paper presents an adaptive speech information hiding method based on K-means, which can quickly find hidden bits. This method uses K-means algorithm to detect effective hidden bits through clustering and embeds secret information with different matrices to achieve good efficiency utilization of hidden bits. This proposed method embeds secret information according to the clustering result and the matrix coding at the transmitting end and extracts the secret information according to the corresponding embedding matrix ate the receiving end. Thereby implementing secure communication over VoIP. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method has better speech quality (PESQ is reduced by about 1.5%) while achieving a higher embedding capacity (up to 976 bit/s), and it shows strong concealment.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Step 3: Embedding of secret information. Embed secret information into carriers with corresponding matrix coding according to the equation (7) and (8). The speech stream carrying secret information can be expressed as…”

Section: A Adaptive Speech Steganography Embedding Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Speech Information Hiding Method Based on K-Means

2020

IEEE Access

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“…It is a method for hiding secret speech in the static speech, which uses multistage vector quantization and dithering techniques to ensure the speech quality. Wu et al [27] proposed an approach of covert communication by embedding a 2.4Kbps low bit rate MELP speech into G.729 coding speech. The method adapts the techniques of covering code and the interleaving to achieve covert communications.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient and secure VoIP communication system with chaotic mapping and message digest

Jiang

Tang

2017

Multimedia Systems

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As one of the most popular real-time services on the Internet, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) has attracted researchers' attention in the information security field for its characters of real-time and high flow. To protect data security, a new covert VoIP communications system was proposed in this study to realize secure communications by hiding secret information in VoIP streams. In the proposed algorithm, secret data were divided into blocks after being encrypted with a block cipher, and then each block of secret data was embedded into VoIP streaming packets randomly by using a chaotic mapping. The symmetric key was distributed through an efficient and secure channel, and the message digest was implemented to protect the integrity of secret data. The experimental data were collected by comparing audio data between the sender and the receiver. The experimental results indicated that data embedding had little impact on the quality of speech. Besides, statistical analysis could not detect the secret data embedded in VoIP streams using the block cipher and random numbers generated from chaotic mapping. The proposed covert VoIP communications system not only achieved high quality of VoIP and prevented detection of statistical analysis, but also provided integrity for secret data.

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“…in for the G.729.A codec. Data hiding algorithms dedicated to specific codecs were also proposed, that is, in for the G.721 codec, and in for G.728.…”

Section: Steganography In Voice Over Ip Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitch‐based steganography for Speex voice codec

Janicki

2016

Security Comm Networks

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This paper presents an improved version of a steganographic algorithm for IP telephony called HideF0. It is based on approximating the F0 parameter, which is responsible for conveying information about the pitch of the speech signal. The bits saved due to simplification of the pitch contour are used for the hidden transmission. In our experiments, the proposed method was applied to the narrowband Speex codec working in five different modes, with bitrates between 5,950 bps and 24,600 bps. We showed that HideF0 was able to create hidden channels with steganographic bandwidths of around 200 bps at the expense of a steganographic cost of between 0.5 and 0.7 MOS, depending on the Speex mode. Because of placing the approximation flag in the voice packet header, the improved version of the proposed algorithm yielded a significantly lower decrease in speech quality, when compared with the original version of HideF0. In addition, for low bitrates of the hidden channel (i.e., below ca. 50 bps) it was able to operate without introducing any steganographic cost. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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An Approach of Steganography in G.729 Bitstream Based on Matrix Coding and Interleaving

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Adaptive Speech Information Hiding Method Based on K-Means

Adaptive Speech Information Hiding Method Based on K-Means

An efficient and secure VoIP communication system with chaotic mapping and message digest

Pitch‐based steganography for Speex voice codec

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