An Approach to Assessment of the Fall Risk for the Elderly by Probe Reaction Time during Walking

Hu, Ming; Maruyama, Hitoshi; Akiyama, Sumikazu

doi:10.1589/jpts.21.311

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…TUG findings are based on 2 Level I48,66 and 3 Level II39,57,77 prospective studies, and 7 Level III41,47,73,85–88 retrospective studies with a combined sample of 6410 older adults.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Risk of Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Using Posttest Probability

Lusardi

Fritz

Middleton³

et al. 2017

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy

422

308

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Background:Falls and their consequences are significant concerns for older adults, caregivers, and health care providers. Identification of fall risk is crucial for appropriate referral to preventive interventions. Falls are multifactorial; no single measure is an accurate diagnostic tool. There is limited information on which history question, self-report measure, or performance-based measure, or combination of measures, best predicts future falls.Purpose:First, to evaluate the predictive ability of history questions, self-report measures, and performance-based measures for assessing fall risk of community-dwelling older adults by calculating and comparing posttest probability (PoTP) values for individual test/measures. Second, to evaluate usefulness of cumulative PoTP for measures in combination.Data Sources:To be included, a study must have used fall status as an outcome or classification variable, have a sample size of at least 30 ambulatory community-living older adults (≥65 years), and track falls occurrence for a minimum of 6 months. Studies in acute or long-term care settings, as well as those including participants with significant cognitive or neuromuscular conditions related to increased fall risk, were excluded. Searches of Medline/PubMED and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) from January 1990 through September 2013 identified 2294 abstracts concerned with fall risk assessment in community-dwelling older adults.Study Selection:Because the number of prospective studies of fall risk assessment was limited, retrospective studies that classified participants (faller/nonfallers) were also included. Ninety-five full-text articles met inclusion criteria; 59 contained necessary data for calculation of PoTP. The Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) was used to assess each study's methodological quality.Data Extraction:Study design and QUADAS score determined the level of evidence. Data for calculation of sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), likelihood ratios (LR), and PoTP values were available for 21 of 46 measures used as search terms. An additional 73 history questions, self-report measures, and performance-based measures were used in included articles; PoTP values could be calculated for 35.Data Synthesis:Evidence tables including PoTP values were constructed for 15 history questions, 15 self-report measures, and 26 performance-based measures. Recommendations for clinical practice were based on consensus.Limitations:Variations in study quality, procedures, and statistical analyses challenged data extraction, interpretation, and synthesis. There was insufficient data for calculation of PoTP values for 63 of 119 tests.Conclusions:No single test/measure demonstrated strong PoTP values. Five history questions, 2 self-report measures, and 5 performance-based measures may have clinical usefulness in assessing risk of falling on the basis of cumulative PoTP. Berg Balance Scale score (≤50 points), Timed Up and Go times (≥12 seconds), and 5 times sit-to-stand times (≥...

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“…TUG findings are based on 2 Level I48,66 and 3 Level II39,57,77 prospective studies, and 7 Level III41,47,73,85–88 retrospective studies with a combined sample of 6410 older adults.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Risk of Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Using Posttest Probability

Lusardi

Fritz

Middleton³

et al. 2017

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy

422

308

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“…Thus, we consider these values are important for evaluating swallowing function decline in those with sarcopenia. We also think that GS grade and RSST are useful as preventive assessments for the elderly, as well as walking velocity 13 , 14 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of sarcopenia with swallowing problems, related to nutrition and activities of daily living of elderly individuals

2015

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[Purpose] The purpose of the current study was to clarify problems associated with swallowing, related to nutrition and activities of daily living (ADL), in elderly individuals with sarcopenia. [Subjects and Methods] Seventy-seven subjects were assigned to a sarcopenia or a non-sarcopenia group according to a definition used by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Analyses were conducted including and excluding subjects with a central nervous system disorders in order to focus on the influence of sarcopenia. The swallowing ability, ADL, and nutrition levels were compared between the 2 groups. [Results] Swallowing function as well as ADL and nutrition levels were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group. [Conclusion] It is important to include dimensions of swallowing, nutrition, and ADL in the assessment and treatment of swallowing problems in elderly individuals with sarcopenia.

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“…Recent studies have used P-RT to examine the risk of falls among the elderly and patients with post-stroke hemiplegia [12][13][14] . Our study did not examine falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Probe Reaction Time during Rhythmic Stabilization on Standing Stability of Patients with Post-Stroke Hemiplegia

Huo

Yin²,

Maruyama

2011

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the probe reaction time (P-RT) during rhythmic stabilization (RS) on standing stability of patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.[Subjects] The subjects were 29 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia (males, mean age 56.2 ± 11.9 years), who had been receiving treatment at the Jilin Rehabilitation Medical Center in China. They were divided into two groups: the cerebral hemorrhage (CH) group and the cerebral infarction (CI) group. [Methods] We evaluated the simple reaction time (SRT), the P-RT during RS, the maximal resistance force of RS (Max. RF), the resistance force of RS during P-RT (RF during P-RT), and the timed up-and-go test (TUG).[Results] P-RT was significantly longer than SRT, and RF during P-RT was less than the Max. RF in both groups. P-RT of CH patients was significantly longer than that of CI patients. There were significant correlations between P-RT and SRT, P-RT and RF during P-RT, and Max. RF and RF during P-RT in both groups.[Conclusion] The results suggest that attention decreased more during the dual task in the CH group than in the CI group. Not only trunk muscle force but also attention maybe factors influencing the standing stability of patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.

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An Approach to Assessment of the Fall Risk for the Elderly by Probe Reaction Time during Walking

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Determining Risk of Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Using Posttest Probability

Determining Risk of Falls in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Using Posttest Probability

Association of sarcopenia with swallowing problems, related to nutrition and activities of daily living of elderly individuals

Influence of Probe Reaction Time during Rhythmic Stabilization on Standing Stability of Patients with Post-Stroke Hemiplegia

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