An approach to the assessment of local trace metal pollution in the Mediterranean marine atmosphere

Chester, R.; Saydam, A.C.; Sharples, E. J.

doi:10.1016/0025-326x(81)90161-2

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The Al values of the crustal dust samples were high (~3000 ng/m 3 ), whereas the lowest Al values (~25 ng/m 3 ) were observed in non-crustal samples. Particulate Al in the atmosphere was associated almost exclusively with aluminosilicates, and for this reason it is commonly employed as an indicator of the amount of crustal material in an aerosol population (Chester et al, 1981;. Clearly, the high Al concentrations over the Capo Carbonara station are the result of the transport of crustal material to that region from Saharan sources.…”

Section: Elemental Chemistry Of Total Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because these studies are limited in time, major questions 3 remain about the frequency of Saharan dust events in this region, and also about their source regions, transport processes and deposition patterns. The elemental chemistry of particulate material in the Mediterranean is essentially controlled by dilution of European background material (anthropogenic-influenced) with desert components (Chester et al, 1981). This diversity of sources is reflected in the composition of the aerosols; mineralogical markers can also be used to recognise typical mineral assemblages of the source areas, and to differentiate Saharan dusts from other crustal components (Tomadin and Lenaz, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of Saharan dust to the Central Mediterranean Basin

Molinaroli

Guerzoni²,

Rampazzo³

1993

Processes Controlling the Composition of Clastic Sediments

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The Mediterranean Basin receives sedimentary contributions from several sources with different geological characteristics. The most important natural source of dust is the Saharan desert. Data from aerosol dust samples collected in a remote site in the Central Mediterranean Basin were used to investigate incursions of Saharan dust during a seven-month period (October-April). This paper is an attempt to trace source areas and transport of dust plumes by means of grain-size, mineralogical, and chemical analyses. Two sets of aerosol samples typical of "desert-influenced" and "anthropogenic-influenced" air masses were studied. We propose a model for assessment of the effects of latitude on the chemistry and mineralogy of the Central Mediterranean aerosol. Calculations and measurements of fluxes, in particular for Al ( 80 µg/cm 2 . yr -1 ) and Ca ( 28µg/cm 2 . yr -1 ), were performed, and results were compared with fluxes from the literature calculated in other stations in the Mediterranean Basin.2

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Section: Elemental Chemistry Of Total Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Saharan dust to the Central Mediterranean Basin

Molinaroli

Guerzoni²,

Rampazzo³

1993

Processes Controlling the Composition of Clastic Sediments

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“…6a, b). Low EFs for Fe and Mn, along with a lack of dependence of EFs from Al, have also been found in both atmospheric precipitation (AlMomani 2003;Hu and Balasubramanian 2003) and aerosol (Chester et al 1981;Guerzoni et al 1999;Herut et al 2001) surveys in the Mediterranean and elsewhere, showing the uniformly natural origin of these metals.…”

Section: Enrichment Factorsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…6g, h), a significant anthropogenic fraction of Cd and Zn is detected even at high Al loads. This could be explained by the hypothesis that the Mediterranean atmosphere is permanently dominated by European polluted particles and its composition is occasionally perturbed by mixing with Saharan desert dust (Chester et al 1981(Chester et al , 1996. Thus, it appears that the strong anthropogenic contributions of Cd and Zn result in the manifestation of their anthropogenic character even in rain events occurring during dust storms, whereas the slighter enrichment of Cu and Pb allows a more effective dilution of the Mediterranean background by the Saharan crustal material and leads to the prevalence of the natural sources over the anthropogenic.…”

Section: Enrichment Factorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Total Metal Concentrations in Atmospheric Precipitation from the Northern Aegean Sea

Koulousaris

Aloupi

Angelidis

2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The aim of this survey was to assess metal concentrations in precipitation over the Aegean Sea and to identify possible source regions that contribute to their long-range transport to the northeastern Mediterranean. Total metal concentrations in 37 rainwater samples collected on the island of Lesvos showed a high variability depending mostly on the origin of the air masses influencing the rain events assessed by 4-day back trajectories. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni were rather similar to those found at other coastal sites in the Mediterranean basin, but Cd was significantly lower. The calculation of crustal enrichment factors of the metals along with the statistical analysis of the results showed that Saharan dust storms supply significant amounts of natural Al, Fe, Mn, Cr and Ni to the northern Aegean atmosphere, although some amounts of Cr and Ni are also contributed from anthropogenic sources. On the other hand, anthropogenic emissions largely determine Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn loads, although not all four metals follow the same enrichment and transportation pattern.

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“…In order to characterize the influence and dispersion of the atmospheric emissions, a great number of studies have been performed in different regions of the world (Chester et al 1981;Artaxo and Orsini 1987;Artaxo et al 1988;Artaxo et al 1990;Schulz et al 1992;Losno et al 1993;Parungo et al 1990;Lim et al 1994;Artaxo et al 1998;François et al 1995;Colin et al 1997;Chester et al 2000;Desboeufs et al 2001;Spokes et al 2001;Drab et al 2002;Desboeufs et al 2003;Gonçalves et al 2003;Leblond et al 2003;Desboeufs et al 2005;Sofikitis et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Total Suspended Particulate Trace Element Identification by XRF at Ilha Grande, State of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

Nascimento

Losno

Colin

et al. 2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Phosphorus, manganese, sulfur (S), lead, and strontium of atmospheric total suspended particulate matter, sampled during the rainy season and the dry season 2002 at the Ilha Grande Island (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil) have been analyzed by XRF techniques.The results showed total mean concentrations of 27± 16 ng P m -3 , 11±7 ng Mn m -3 , 159±126 ng S m -3 , 4.3±2.6 ng Pb m -3 , and 208±148 ng Sr m -3 . Generally, there is no clear influence of the two different climatic periods on the concentrations of most analyzed trace elements, with exception of sulfur the mean concentration of which, during the dry season, is about 60% higher than during the rainy season. This is probably due to biomass burning, a common practice in the Brazilian Southeast and Amazon region and/or to the presence of marine aerosols. The linear correlation coefficients strongly suggest the same source for P, Pb, and Mn. Some Pb, Mn, and P concentrations are in the range of typical values of urban areas. Potential sources of such elements are the urban and industrial emissions from the States of Rio de Janeiro and/or São Paulo.

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An approach to the assessment of local trace metal pollution in the Mediterranean marine atmosphere

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Contribution of Saharan dust to the Central Mediterranean Basin

Contribution of Saharan dust to the Central Mediterranean Basin

Total Metal Concentrations in Atmospheric Precipitation from the Northern Aegean Sea

Atmospheric Total Suspended Particulate Trace Element Identification by XRF at Ilha Grande, State of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

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