An assessment of dose-uniformity of samples delivered from paediatric oral droppers

Brown, Diane; Ford, J. L.; Nunn, Anthony J; Rowe, Philip H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2004.00595.x

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For decades, the use of liquid dosage forms has been employed in personalising the dose. This can be easily achieved by altering the volumes administered using various dosing aids, usually by including a dispenser as a part of the packaging (15). This is the dosage form of choice for infants, toddlers and children due to the ease of modifying the dose in addition to overcoming swallowing difficulties with solid dosage forms.…”

Section: Liquid Dosage Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2016

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The recent introduction of the first FDA approved 3D-printed drug has fuelled interest in 3D printing technology, which is set to revolutionize healthcare. Since its initial use, this rapid prototyping (RP) technology has evolved to such as extent that it is currently being used in a wide range of applications including in tissue engineering, dentistry, construction, automotive and aerospace. However, in the pharmaceutical industry this technology is still in its infancy and its potential yet to be fully explored. This paper presents various 3D printing technologies such as stereolithographic, powder based, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modelling and semi-solid extrusion 3D printing. It also provides a comprehensive review of previous attempts at using 3D printing technologies on the manufacturing dosage forms with a particular focus on oral tablets. Their advantages particularly with adaptability in the pharmaceutical field have been highlighted, including design flexibility and control and manufacture which enables the preparation of dosage forms with complex designs and geometries, multiple actives and tailored release profiles. An insight into the technical challenges facing the different 3D printing technologies such as the formulation and processing parameters is provided. Light is also shed on the different regulatory challenges that need to be overcome for 3D printing to fulfil its real potential in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Section: Liquid Dosage Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2016

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“…Liquid dosage forms are considered to be suitable for personalised dose production by volume-dose calculation, assuming a homogeneous drug product (Brown et al, 2004). Volume is measured by dosing aids usually accompanying the medicine.…”

Section: Current Approaches To Dose Personalisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalised dosing: Printing a dose of one’s own medicine

Alomari

Mohamed

Basit

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

218

122

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“…The first relates to physicochemical characteristics of liquid formulations for various drugs. Viscosity and surface tension, for example, can affect the dosing accuracy of administration devices; as demonstrated in a study with oral droppers,16 the European Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use acknowledged this, recommending that oral administration devices be suitable for drug dosage forms in terms of the characteristics of the liquid 5. The second aspect is that therapeutic dosing requirements and hence the administered formulation volume can vary greatly in paediatrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of enteral syringes with commonly prescribed paediatric liquid medicines

et al. 2017

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To investigate the paediatric volumetric accuracy for two enteral syringe brands, using commercially available liquid drug formulations, across a range of clinically relevant volumes and physicochemical properties. Method:In vitro experiment under laboratory conditions. Ten drug formulations were tested for two syringe brands (Baxa, Medicina) using a range of formulation volumes (0.05 to 5 mL) and syringe sizes (1 to 5 mL). The weight of syringes, empty, filled and after expelling liquids were accurately measured and converted into volume, based on the known formulation densities. Ten replications were performed for each combination of drug, syringe and volume. Accuracy of the delivered volume was expressed as a percentage of desired volume, with desired range being within +10% for all replications. Results:The two brands showed a different type of error, with Baxa demonstrating a slight positive bias (excess average volume delivered) at the smallest volumes tested in each syringe size, while Medicina had poorer precision (greater variability) at the smaller volumes (ANOVA 2-and 3-way interactions all P< 0.005). Using these results we were able to identify a lower limit for volume accuracy for each syringe size and each brand. Of note, the 1mL syringe for both brands was inaccurate below volumes of 0.25 mL. The physicochemical properties of pH (range 2.82 to 7.45), surface tension (30.2 to 86.7 mN/m) and viscosity (2 to 299 mPaS) did not influence error in a discernible pattern. Conclusion:Volumetric dosing was inaccurate when the smallest volumes were used across all syringe sizes and brands. These volumes reflect those used in clinical practice; thus error could potentially be reduced by manufacturers revising formulation concentrations for certain drugs.3

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An assessment of dose-uniformity of samples delivered from paediatric oral droppers

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

Personalised dosing: Printing a dose of one’s own medicine

Accuracy of enteral syringes with commonly prescribed paediatric liquid medicines

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