An assessment of efficient water heating options for an all-electric single family residence in a mixed-humid climate

Balke, Elizabeth C.; Healy, William M.; Ullah, Tania

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.09.052

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The COP coefficient during work of the heat pump in the experiment was quite high: from 2.23 to 4.50. Similar achievements were presented by the other authors [1][2][3]5]. The results show that highest efficiency of the heating pump, determined as the COP coefficient, depends on the external air temperature.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Traditional heating systems have an efficiency of 0.5 to 0.99 with respect to primary energy of fuel [3,4]. Heat pumps are strongly recommended for house heating due to their effectiveness, and are treated as renewable energy source [4,5]. The heat pumps might be on-line controlled and the data are registered, many parameters might be optimized by the user [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air-water heat pump applied as water boiler in single-family house, coefficient of performance analysis under the real conditions

Lisowska-Lis

Leszczyński²

2018

Sci. Tech., Innov

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The subject of the research was an air-water heat pump, model PCUW 2.5kW from HEWALEX, installed in a single-family house. The pump is only used for heating water. The research was carried out from 25-08-2017 to 18-09-2017 in the village of Zborowice, in Malopolska region, Poland. The data were recorded from the heat pump system: temperature of the lower heat source (external air), temperature of the upper heat source (water temperature in the tank), time of heat pump was calculated during the analysed cycle of work and electrical energy consumption. The Coefficient Of Performance (COP) of the analysed air-water heat pump was determined. The analysis of the results was carried out using the MATLAB and EXCEL statistical tools. The correlation between COP coefficient and external air temperature is strong: 0.67.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air-water heat pump applied as water boiler in single-family house, coefficient of performance analysis under the real conditions

Lisowska-Lis

Leszczyński²

2018

Sci. Tech., Innov

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show abstract

“…With regards to water use, the home has energy and water efficient appliances and fixtures, and a PEXmanifold "home-run" plumbing system. Studies are being conducted on thermal losses from plumbing(Ullah and Healy, 2016), thermal performance of water heating systems(Ullah and Healy, 2016;Balke, et al, 2016), and premise plumbing microbial and chemical water quality. More information about the NZERTF, including recent publications and research results, can be found at https://www.nist.gov/el/net-zero-energy-residential-test-facility.Whirlpool Corporation and Purdue University transformed an existing 1920's home in West Lafayette, IN into a research facility called the Retrofit Net-zero: Energy, Water, and Waste (ReNEWW) house (https://www.whirlpoolcorp.com/reneww-house/).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement science research needs for premise plumbing systems

Persily¹,

Yashar²,

Ferretti³

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Premise plumbing systems constitute an essential component of the built environment by providing immediate access to clean, potable water and a safe, reliable means of removing wastewater from homes, businesses and other institutions. Plumbing systems evolved extensively throughout the 20 th century beginning with efforts in the 1920s to develop the technical understanding needed to support system design and regulation, much of which was initiated by then Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover to address a range of health and performance issues. Plumbing systems continue to evolve in response to current concerns about cost, water availability, environmental impacts and safety.A series of policy actions including the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, the Energy Security Act of 1980 and the Energy Policy Act of 1992 sought to improve water quality, water use efficiency, and energy efficiency. These changes led to notable achievements including the reduction of lead in plumbing products and the introduction of low-flow fixtures. For example, a typical single-family, detached home today uses 22 % less water for indoor purposes than it did two decades ago (DeOreo, et al., 2016). As a result, the flow rates within the piping networks and the corresponding residence times can be significantly different than those assumed under current design methods. Consequently, the assumptions surrounding the effectiveness of water treatment practices are not necessarily applicable, leading to the potential for decreased water quality. These and other realities have led to a situation in which plumbing systems are being designed, installed and operated in vastly different ways from what is supported by the technical data and understanding embodied in current codes, standards and practice.Plumbing design approaches, codes and standards have not kept pace with these changes, in large part because of the existence of significant technical knowledge gaps. Research is needed to address these gaps in support of water efficiency and water quality goals to ensure the effectiveness of these systems today and in the future. This report documents specific research needs to advance plumbing system design, operation and maintenance, as well as the standards, codes and guidelines that apply to these systems. The primary concerns that motivated this effort to identify premise plumbing research needs are water quality, water efficiency, and energy efficiency. Water quality is one of the biggest concerns as it directly affects the health and safety of building occupants, and is becoming an increasingly complex challenge. Water quality concerns fall into three main categories: metallic, chemical, and biological. The need for water efficiency is expected to become more pressing as a result of population growth, climate change and infrastructure challenges. The availability of water is largely a regional issue, and there are many areas around the U.S. and throughout the world that are subject to recurring water shortages, even under non-drought conditions....

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“…Microglia dysregulation has been associated with neuroinflammation induced by the binding of CX3CL1, IL-6, TGF-β and other cytokines 40 - 42 . Activated glial cells then initiate intracellular signaling cascades to trigger the release of both pro- and anti-inflammatory signals 43 . In this study, we identified several miRNAs in the circulation of IS patients that contribute to these mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for ischemic stroke: evidence from comprehensive analysis and real-world validation

Wang¹,

Su²,

Leung³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Ischemic stroke (IS) is the majority of strokes which remain the second leading cause of deaths in the last two decades. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested as potential diagnostic and therapeutic tools for IS by previous studies analyzing their differential expression. However, inconclusive and controversial conclusions of these results have to be addressed. In this study, comprehensive analysis and real-world validation were performed to assess the associations between circulating miRNAs and IS. 29 studies with 112 miRNAs were extracted after manual selection and filtering, 12 differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained from our results of meta-analysis. These miRNAs were evaluated in 20 IS patients, compared to 20 healthy subjects. 4 miRNAs (hsa-let-7e-5p, hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-185-5p) exhibited the significant expression level in IS patient plasma samples. Pathway and biological process enrichment analysis for the target genes of the 4 validated miRNAs identified cellular senescence and neuroinflammation as key post-IS response pathways. The results of our analyses closely correlated with the pathogenesis and implicated pathways observed in IS subjects suggested by the literature, which may provide aid in the development of circulating diagnostic or therapeutic targets for IS patients.

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An assessment of efficient water heating options for an all-electric single family residence in a mixed-humid climate

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Air-water heat pump applied as water boiler in single-family house, coefficient of performance analysis under the real conditions

Air-water heat pump applied as water boiler in single-family house, coefficient of performance analysis under the real conditions

Measurement science research needs for premise plumbing systems

Circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for ischemic stroke: evidence from comprehensive analysis and real-world validation

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