This study examined the mediating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in China and investigates the factors that affect the performance of small and medium-sized enterprise. The factors investigated include idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration. The results show that intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration had positive effects on organizational performance. Inspirational motivation, individualized consideration positive effects on organizational citizenship behavior. At the same time, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration can influence organizational performance through the meditating effect of organizational citizenship behavior.