An assessment of pesticide exposures and land use of honey bees in Virginia

Fulton, Corie A.; Hartz, Kara E. Huff; Fell, Richard D.; Brewster, Carlyle C.; Reeve, John D.; Lydy, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.156

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…(2014) analysed 54 wax samples for 99 different residues, detecting 15 different active ingredients overall. Worldwide, numerous studies (Boi et al, 2016;Calatayud-Vernich et al, 2017;Chauzat and Faucon, 2007;Fulton et al, 2019;Harriet et al, 2017;Lozano et al, 2019;Serra-Bonvehí and Orantes-Bermejo, 2010;Shimshoni et al, 2019;Zawislak et al, 2019) acknowledge that beeswax is a major contamination sink for pesticide residues, thereby constituting hazardous health implications for bees and potentially for humans.…”

Section: Validation Of Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide and veterinary drug residues in Belgian beeswax: Occurrence, toxicity, and risk to honey bees

Agrebi

Traynor

Wilmart

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Pesticide and veterinary drug residues are one of the stress factors affecting bee health and mortality. To investigate the occurrence, the concentration and the toxicity risk to bees of pesticide residues in four different types of beeswax (brood comb wax, recycled comb wax, honey comb wax, and cappings wax), 182 samples were collected from apiaries located all over the Belgian territories, during spring 2016 and analysed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS for the presence of 294 chemical residues. The toxicity risk to bees expressed as the Hazard Quotient (HQ) was calculated for each wax sample, according to two scenarios with different tau-fluvalinate LD 50 values. Residues showing the highest prevalence were correlated to bee mortality in a multivariate logistic regression model and a risk-based model was used to predict colony bee mortality. Altogether, 54 different pesticide and veterinary drug residues were found in the four types of beeswax. The residues with a higher likelihood to be retained in beeswax are applied in-hive or with a high lipophilic nature. The multivariate logistic regression model showed a statistically significant influence of chlorfenvinphos on bee mortality. All our results indicated that cappings wax was substantially less contaminated. This national survey on beeswax contamination provides guidelines on the re-use of beeswax by beekeepers and shows the necessity to introduce maximum residue levels

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Section: Validation Of Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide and veterinary drug residues in Belgian beeswax: Occurrence, toxicity, and risk to honey bees

Agrebi

Traynor

Wilmart

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Apis mellifera , western honey bee, colony decline has already occurred in many countries during recent decades . However, no single causative factor has been identified as being responsible for this phenomenon .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insecticides may not directly cause colony decline, but they can potentially affect honey bees and/or compromise the bees and increase vulnerability to a range of other stressors . Previous studies revealed that exposure to insecticides affected the homing capacity of honey bees, colony stability, olfactory learning and memory, neuronal inactivation in the mushroom body, and bumble bee colony growth and queen production …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and chronic toxicity of acetamiprid, carbaryl, cypermethrin and deltamethrin to Apis mellifera larvae reared in vitro

Yang

Liu³

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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Background The effects of exposing Apis mellifera larvae to common insecticides were tested in the laboratory. Results The acute toxicity values of the four insecticides that we tested ranged from high toxicity to low toxicity: deltamethrin > cypermethrin > carbaryl > acetamiprid. The NOAEC (no observed adverse effect concentration) values of the chronic toxicity tests for each compound are 5 mg L−1 for acetamiprid, 2 mg L−1 for carbaryl, 1 mg L−1 for cypermethrin, and 0.2 mg L−1 for deltamethrin. Conclusion According to the risk quotient (RQ) values of acute and chronic toxicity that we obtained, the risk is acceptable at exposure rates that have been identified in the field. Overall, our results are valuable for evaluating the acute and chronic toxicities of these insecticides to developing honey bees. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…As a result, residues from coumaphos-containing drugs have been found in the beeswax of European origin, as reported for Belgium (Ravoet et al 2015), France (Chauzat et al 2011), Germany (Wallner 1999), Switzerland (Bogdanov 2006), Italy (Boi et al 2016;Porrini et al 2016;Perugini et al 2018) and Spain (Orantes-Bermejo et al 2010;Calatayud-Vernich et al 2017;Lozano et al 2019), and also reviewed recently in Wilmart et al (2016). Substantial coumaphos levels have also been found in the beeswax of apiaries outside of Europe, such as for example in North America (Mullin et al 2010;Wu et al 2011;Ostiguy et al 2019;Fulton et al 2019) or Uruguay (Harriet et al 2017). A common beekeeping practice is to recycle old wax combs to produce new wax foundation sheets on which bees build their combs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Distribution of coumaphos in beeswax after treatment of honeybee colonies with CheckMite® against the parasitical mite Varroa destructor

2019

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We studied the distribution of coumaphos in beeswax after a single application of CheckMite® to 15 bee colonies in the fall according to the manufacturer's instruction. Immediately after the treatment, residue levels were especially elevated in the wax that came into contact with the CheckMite® strips. During the following spring season, coumaphos levels ranged from 36 to 159 mg/kg in the wax of the brood frames next to the CheckMite® strips, and residue levels were about 10 times lower in the wax of frames that did not come into contact with the strips. Beeswax that was newly constructed 5 months after removing the treatment strips contained up to 7.3 mg/kg of coumaphos, and up to 0.5 and 2.3 mg/kg was detected in the honeycomb and capping wax, respectively. These results suggest that beeswax exposed to CheckMite® should not be recycled in order to prevent elevated concentrations of coumaphos in new foundations and hence to prevent honeybee larvae from being exposed to detrimental residue levels.beeswax / coumaphos / CheckMite® / honeybees / Apis mellifera / Varroa destructor

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An assessment of pesticide exposures and land use of honey bees in Virginia

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

Pesticide and veterinary drug residues in Belgian beeswax: Occurrence, toxicity, and risk to honey bees

Pesticide and veterinary drug residues in Belgian beeswax: Occurrence, toxicity, and risk to honey bees

Acute and chronic toxicity of acetamiprid, carbaryl, cypermethrin and deltamethrin to Apis mellifera larvae reared in vitro

Distribution of coumaphos in beeswax after treatment of honeybee colonies with CheckMite® against the parasitical mite Varroa destructor

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