An assessment of the clinical utility of serum ALT and AST in chronic hepatitis C

Anderson, Frank H.; Zeng, Lecheng; Rock, Natalie R; Yoshida, Eric M.

doi:10.1016/s1386-6346(99)00085-6

Cited by 88 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…32 The activity of ALT and AST available in serum may indicate hepatic dysfunctions as these enzyme activities are increased alongside liver dysfunction. 33 In this study, the activities of serum ALT and AST were drastically increased by DEN exposure in accordance with other studies. 34 Paullinia cupana (also known as guarana in Brazil) has been shown to have a protective effect on serum ALT and AST from animals exposed to DEN.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Protective action of indole‐3‐acetic acid on induced hepatocarcinoma in mice

Mourão

Cruz

Paulo

et al. 2008

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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In this study, we report the protective effects of IAA on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. BALB/c mice received daily IAA at 50 (T 50 ), 250 (T 250 ), and 500 (T 500 ) mg Kg À1 per body mass by gavage for 15 days. At day 15, animals were administered DEN and sacrificed 4 h later. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were analyzed in sera. In addition, hepatomorphologic alterations, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and DNA integrity were evaluated in the liver. IAA administration did not show any alterations in any of the parameters available, except for a reduction of the gene expression for antioxidant enzymes by 55, 56, 27, and 28% for SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR upon T 500 , respectively compared with the control. Several hepatic alterations were observed by DEN exposure. Moreover, IAA administration at 3 doses was shown to provide a total prevention of the active reduction of CAT and GR induced by DEN exposure compared with the control. IAA at T 500 was shown to give partial protection (87, 71, 57, and 90% for respectively SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR) on the down-regulation of the enzymes induced by DEN and this auxin showed a partial protection (50%) on DEN-induced DNA fragmentation for both parameters when compared to DEN alone. This work showed IAA hepatocarcinogenesis protection for the first time by means of a DEN-protective effect on CAT and GR activity, and by affecting antioxidant gene expression and DNA fragmentation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Protective action of indole‐3‐acetic acid on induced hepatocarcinoma in mice

Mourão

Cruz

Paulo

et al. 2008

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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“…Also, the GGT and AST were associated with all types of alcoholic beverage, while the ALT had weak relation to only whisky consumption; this may have been due to the different drinking pattern (e.g., with or without food) of each alcoholic beverage (Bellentani et al 1997). It is suggested that the elevated level in ALT may be affected by other causes such as hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV) infection (Anderson et al 2000) and/or high BMI (Burns et al 1996;Poikolainen and Vartianine 1997), rather than by a type of alcoholic beverage. In fact, since it has been reported that about 2% of Japanese adults in the general population have HBV or HCV, and that most of them without any symptoms did not always undergo medical treatment (Tanaka 1997), such HBV/HCV carriers may have been included in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Hepatocellular Injury in Japanese Men

Dakeishi

Iwata

Ishii

et al. 2004

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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To clarify the effects of alcohol consumption on hepatocellular injury, we examined aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT), and -glutamyltransferase (GGT), together with weekly alcohol consumption calculated from a self-rating questionnaire, in 1113 Japanese salesmen. The thresholds of associations between alcohol consumption and liver markers were estimated by the benchmark dose (BMD) method. The AST, ALT and GGT were positively correlated with alcohol intake (p<0.001), as well as age and body mass index (BMI); the relations to alcohol were statistically significant even when controlling for age, BMI and smoking habit. Although the AST and GGT were associated with four types of alcoholic beverage (p<0.01), it was only whisky that had close relation to the ALT (p<0.05). The thresholds of alcohol consumption (ethanol g/week), i.e., 95% lower confidence limits of the BMD, were 362 for AST, 660 for ALT, and 252 for GGT. The thresholds for GGT and AST in Japanese men seem to be somewhat higher than those reported in Western countries. It is suggested that hepatocellular injury (i.e., AST elevation) in Japanese men may emerge at the ethanol level of more than 50 g/day. alcohol consumption; hepatocellular injury; aspartate aminotransferase (AST); benchmark dose method; critical dose

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“…47,48 The ratio of AST to ALT tends to increase with advancing stages of fibrosis from the level of approximately 0.8 in normal subjects. The value of this ratio is greatest for the noninvasive diagnosis of cirrhosis where a ratio of Ͼ1 suggests the diagnosis of cirrhosis.…”

Section: Aspartate Aminotransferase/alanine Aminotransferase Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%