An assessment on the indirect determination of the volumetric block proportion of Misis fault breccia (Adana, Turkey)

Abstract

Volumetric block proportion (VBP) directly affects the strength of geologically complex rocks such as bimrocks (block-in-matrix rocks). Since the direct determination of VBP is difficult in most cases, some prediction methods were suggested. In this study, the VBP of Misis fault breccia, which is a type of bimrock, was determined by image analysis techniques and its predictability from Pand S-wave velocity, and density was investigated. Regression analysis showed that there is no relation between VBP and S-wave velocity. However, there is a weak relation between VBP and P-wave velocity. On the other hand, VBP was strongly correlated with density. It was concluded that P-and S-wave velocity may not be a measure of VBP of breccias. However, density is a good measure of VBP, because the relation between VBP and density is strong and statistically significant.

Incertidumbre en la determinación del Porcentaje Volumétrico de Bloques de BIMrocks/BIMsoil a partir de información unidimensional

“…Los depósitos de materiales heterogéneos (BIMrocks/ BIMsoil -Block in Matrix, por sus siglas en inglés) se pueden definir como una mezcla de bloques geotécnicamente significativos embebidos en una matriz de suelo más débil con contraste mecánico entre bloques y matriz (Medley, 1994). Ejemplos de este tipo de depósitos son coluviones (Reneau y Dietrich, 1991), morrenas (Fernández y Ferrando, 2018), depósitos de brecha (Kahraman et al, 2015) y depósitos fluvioglaciares (Manchego y Peña, 2015).…”

Uncertainty of volume fraction in bimrock using the scan-line method and its application in the estimation of deformability parameters

“…The volume fraction (V f ) within a bimrock or bimsoil is an essential parameter that is useful for estimating the engineering characterization of heterogeneous geomaterials. The volume fraction plays an important role in the strength (Afifipour and Moarefvand 2014a;Barbero et al 2008;Coli et al 2011Coli et al , 2012Lindquist 1994;Lindquist and Goodman 1994;Medley 2001;Gokceoglu 2002;Kahraman and Alber 2006, 2009Kalender et al 2014;Sonmez et al 2004Sonmez et al , 2006aSonmez et al , 2016Tien et al 2015;Xia et al 2017), deformability (Lindquist 1994;Lindquist and Goodman 1994;Alber 2006, 2009;Barbero et al 2008;Afifipour and Moarefvand 2014a;Tien et al 2015;Sonmez et al 2004Sonmez et al , 2006bSonmez et al , 2016Xu et al 2011;Tsesarsky et al 2014), failure modes (Medley and Sanz Rehermann 2004;Afifipour and Moarefvand 2014b;Zhang et al 2019), engineering properties (Medley and Sanz Rehermann 2004), or other physical properties (Kahraman et al 2015) of geomaterials.…”

“…The V f of interest could be the portion of discrete-phase inclusions (e.g., certain minerals, blocks, and particulates) or continuous-phase matrix in a composite material. In this study, the volume fraction of a block, V b , is defined as the ratio of the block volume over the total volume, which is the same as the volumetric block proportion, VBP, established in some literature (Lindquist 1994;Lindquist and Goodman 1994;Kahraman and Alber 2006, 2009Kahraman et al 2015;Kalender et al 2014;Medley 1994Medley , 1997Medley , 2001Medley and Goodman 1994;Medley and Sanz Rehermann 2004;Sonmez et al 2004Sonmez et al , 2006aSonmez et al , b, 2016Tsesarsky et al 2014;Tien et al 2010).…”

“…The common practice is to employ either 1D or 2D measurements, or both (Sonmez et al 2004). Many investigators resolved to use aerial fractions of outcrops (2D surfaces), augmented with field and laboratory tests to obtain the geometric information of bimrock/bimsoil from outcrops (Medley 1994;Xu et al 2008Xu et al , 2011Coli et al 2012;Kahraman et al 2015;Ymeti et al 2017;Liu et al 2018;Meng et al 2018;Yang et al 2019). However, it is not always possible to obtain areal fraction of blocks through image analysis if the blocks are dyed by matrix or the chromatism between blocks and matrix is small.…”

Deterioration Characteristic of Mudstone Due to Freeze-Thaw Action

“…Many researchers (Olson et al, 1995;Perron & Beaudoin, 2002;Hu et al, 2007) have used EIS to estimate the physical state of various porous solid samples. The EIS was used to measure physical-mechanical properties of rock including fault breccia, sandstone and limestone (Kahraman & Alber, 2006;Kahraman et al, 2015;Saltas et al, 2014;Su et al, 2000), and also to monitor CO 2 or oil migration within saturated rock (Kirichek et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2015). For im-pedance spectra, the qualitative interpretations are that the grain-interior response lies at highest frequency, the sample-electrode response at low frequency and the grain boundary response at the mid-frequencies, and the qualitative interpretations take parameters from the impedance spectra which can show some properties of rock (Kahraman & Alber, 2006;Kahraman et al, 2015;Hu et al, 2007;Huebner & Dillenburg, 1995).…”