Enzyme-like activity and efficiency of nanomaterials
are strongly
controlled by their size, composition, and structure, and hence the
structural parameters need to be optimized. Here, we report that two-dimensional
Pd nanoplates enclosed by {100}-facets [{100}PdSP@rGO] exhibit substantially
enhanced intrinsic oxidase-like activities relative to the {111}-facets
ones and Pd nanocubes in catalyzing the chromogenic reaction of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine.
By taking ascorbic acid 2-phosphate as the substrate, which transforms
to ascorbic acid in the presence of acid phosphatase (ACP), the {100}PdSP@rGO
could be used as an efficient nanozyme for colorimetric ACP detection
without resorting to destructive
H2O2. A good linear relationship from 0.01 to
6.0 mU/mL with a detection limit of 8.3 μU/mL is obtained, which
is better than most previously reported ACP assays. Importantly, the
excellent assay performance could be successfully applied to ACP determination
in serum samples with high accuracy. This study demonstrates that
the enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials could be finely tuned simultaneously
by controlling their exposed crystal facets and high specific surface
area.